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Biology Lab II > Chapter 10: Animal Diversity Part I > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Animal Diversity Part I Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three characteristics all animals share?

A
  1. Multicellular
  2. Heterotrophic
  3. Have collagen
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2
Q

What are 3 characteristics of all Porifera?

A
  1. aquatic
  2. lack of symmetry
  3. lack true organ tissue
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3
Q

Sponges “eat” by…?

A

filter feeding- drawing water into the small external Ostia by means of beating flagella of the choanocytes and out through the osculum

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4
Q

mesohyl

A

gelatinous mixture that holds choanocytes, internal body cells, and external body cells

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5
Q

spongin

A

a special protein found in the mesohyl of sponges

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6
Q

spicules

A

extracellular calcium carbonate or silica that function as a skeleton

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7
Q

totipotency

A

most body cells can generate an entire organism given the right conditions

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8
Q

choanocytes

A

flagellated cells with gelatinous collars of microvilli surrounding a flagellum

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9
Q

gemmules

A

small, budding cell groups that are produces by a form of asexual reproduction

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10
Q

Do Porifera have true tissue?

A

no

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11
Q

Cnidaria are diploblastic. T or F?

A

T

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12
Q

Diploblastic

A

true tissues and posses two germ layers

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13
Q

What are the two germ laters?

A

ectoderm and endoderm

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14
Q

Ectoderm

A

forms outer epidermis

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15
Q

Endoderm

A

forms inner gastrodermis

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16
Q

Cnidaria have mesoderm layer. T or F?

A

F

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17
Q

Cnidarians have _______ symmetry

A

radial

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18
Q

polyp

A

sessile stage

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19
Q

medusa

A

free-swimming stage

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20
Q

cnidocytes

A

found in some cnidaria that have contain special stinging cells

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21
Q

nematocyst

A

a specialized stinging cell found on cnidocytes on cnidaria

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22
Q

What are nematocysts used for?

A

food capture and defense

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23
Q

cnidarians have an __________ digestive system

A

incomplete

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24
Q

the cells inside the blastula are ___ derm and the cells on the outside the blastula are ___ derm

A

endoderm

exoderm

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25
Q

the ____derm will become the nervous system and the epidermis

A

ectoderm

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26
Q

the ____derm will develop into the musculature and the red blood cells

A

mesoderm

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27
Q

deuterostomes

A

have both and anus and a mouth (anus develops first)

28
Q

triploblastic organisms exhibit _______ symmetry

A

bilateral

29
Q

lophotrochozoa have ________ and _________

A

trochozoa or lophophore

30
Q

What are the 5 types of lophotrochozoan phylum?

A
  1. Platyhelminthes
  2. Rotifera
  3. Brachiopoda
  4. Mollusca
  5. Annelida
31
Q

Playhelminthese are also known as..?

A

Flatworms

32
Q

aceolomates

A

loss of coelom from earlier ancestry

33
Q

what are the hosts for liver fluke?

A

humans, fish, and snails

34
Q

Scolex

A

anchors parasite to the host

35
Q

Proglottids

A

sex organs

36
Q

What is the commonage of Rotifera?

A

Wheel Animals

37
Q

Pseudocoel

A

a fluid filled cavity that surrounds the gut tube

38
Q

Corona

A

cilia on the head

39
Q

Mastax

A

jaw like muscular structure used to crush food

40
Q

What is the major evolutionary advancement of the phylum Rotifera?

A

complete digestive system (mouth and anus)

41
Q

Epizoic

A

live on the surface go other animals

42
Q

Mollusca include what common animals?

A

snails, clams, and squid

43
Q

Mollusca have a true coelom. T or F?

A

T

44
Q

mesenteries

A

connect the gut dorsally and ventrally and serve as an electrostatic skeleton that absorbs the shock and stabilizes other organs

45
Q

Annelida are known as what more commonly?

A

segmented worms

46
Q

What is the difference between earthworms and mollusks?

A

Annelida have segmented body plan

47
Q

The coelom in annelids is divided into segments called __________ by _______

A

metameres

septa

48
Q

peristaltic movement

A

crawling and burrowing is achieved by alternating waves of contraction of longitudinal and circular muscle passing down the body

49
Q

parapodia

A

appendages on most segments that are mainly used for crawling, swimming, and anchoring

50
Q

setae

A

bristle like hairs that are used for digging and anchoring

51
Q

clitellum

A

a reproductive structure that secretes mucus

52
Q

Leeches lack parapodia and setae. T or F?

A

T

53
Q

Ecdysozoa

A

the clade of animals that develop a tendency to grow larger by molting their outer layers of cells

54
Q

cuticle

A

the outer layers of cells

55
Q

ecdysis

A

molting

56
Q

Nematoda are commonly known as…?

A

Roundworms

57
Q

Nematodes are _____coelomates

A

pseudo

58
Q

is a pseudocoel is a synapomorphy?

A

no

59
Q

What are some common animals within the arthropoda?

A

insects, spiders, centipedes, and millipedes

60
Q

What are 4 characteristics of arthropoda?

A
  1. segmented body
  2. paired jointed appendages
  3. complex muscular system
  4. exoskeleton
61
Q

Which phylum lacks organized tissue?

A

Porifera

62
Q

Which phylum is diploblastic and characterized by cnidocytes?

A

Cnidaria

63
Q

What phylum are triploblastic?

A

flatworms, Rotifera, Mollusca, annelida, Nematoda, and arthropoda

64
Q

Which phylum are lophotrochozoa?

A

flatworms, Rotifera, Mollusca, and annelida

65
Q

Which phyla are Ecdysozoa?

A

Nematoda and Anthropoda

66
Q

What is the order from oldest to newest of the phylum?

A

Porifera, cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Mollusca, annelida, Nematoda, Arthropoda

Biology Lab II (9 decks)

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