Chapter 10 Flashcards
- Object-oriented analysis (OOA) techniques are used to (1) study existing objects to see if they can be reused or adapted for new uses; and (2) define new or modified objects that will be combined with existing objects into a useful business computing application.
Answer: True Page: 370 LOD: Medium
- An object is something that is or is capable of being seen, touched, or otherwise sensed, and about which users store data and associate behavior.
Answer: True Page: 372 LOD: Easy
- Attributes are the data that represents characteristics of interest about an object.
Answer: True Page: 372 LOD: Easy
- Behavior is the packaging of several items together into one unit.
Answer: False Page: 372 LOD: Medium
Rationale: This describes encapsulation, not behavior.
- An object class is a set of object instances that share the same attributes and behavior.
Answer: True Page: 373 LOD: Easy
- An object instance is a set of object classes that share the same attributes and behavior.
Answer: False Page: 373 LOD: Medium Rationale: An object class is a set of object instances that share the same attributes and behavior.
- Inheritance means that methods and attributes defined in an object class can be inherited or reused by another object class.
Answer: True Page: 373 LOD: Easy
- A supertype is an object class whose instances store attributes that are common to one or more subtypes of the object class.
Answer: True Page: 374 LOD: Easy
- A subtype is an object class whose instances store attributes that are common to one or more supertypes of the object class.
Answer: False Page: 374 LOD: Medium Rationale: A supertype is an object class whose instances store attributes that are common to one or more subtypes of the object class.
- An object class relationship is a natural business association that exists between one or more object classes.
Answer: True Page: 376 LOD: Easy
- A message is passed when one object invokes one or more of another object’s methods (behaviors) to request information or some action.
Answer: True Page: 378 LOD: Easy
- Encapsulation means ‘many forms.’ Applied to object-oriented techniques, it means that the same named behavior may be completed differently for different object classes.
Answer: False Page: 380 LOD: Medium
Rationale: Polymorphism means ‘many forms.’ Applied to object-oriented techniques, it means that the same named behavior may be completed differently for different object classes.}
- Use case diagrams graphically depict the interactions between the system and external systems and users. In other words, they graphically describe who will use the system and in what ways the user expects to interact with the system.
Answer: True Page: 382 LOD: Easy
- Activity diagrams depict the sequential flow of a use case or business process.
Answer: True Page: 382 LOD: Medium
- Class diagrams depict the system’s object structure. They show object classes that the system is composed of as well as the relationships between those classes.
Answer: True Page: 382 LOD: Easy
- There are thirteen diagrams used in UML 2.0.
Answer: True Page: 381 LOD: Medium
- The current version of UML is 3.0.
Answer: False Page: 371 LOD: Medium
Rationale: The current version of UML is 2.0.
- The UML does not prescribe a method for developing systems - only a notation for modeling.
Answer: True Page: 371 LOD: Medium
- Class diagrams model how events can change the state of an object class over its lifetime.
Answer: False Page: 382 LOD: Medium
Rationale: This describes State Machine diagrams.
- If exam is an object class, then your exam paper is an object instance.
Answer: True Page: 372 LOD: Easy
- An object class can be referred to simply as a class.
Answer: True Page: 373 LOD: Easy
- A Student object class and a Teacher object class would have a supertype/subtype relationship.
Answer: False Page: 373-375 LOD: Medium
Rationale: Both Student and Teacher would be subtypes of a Person object class.
- The concept of multiplicity is essentially the same concept as cardinality in data modeling
Answer: True Page: 378 LOD: Easy
- In UML 2.0 the notation for composition has been dropped.
Answer: False Page: 378 LOD: Medium
Rationale: In UML 2.0 the notation for aggregation has been dropped.
- Composition is drawn with a filled diamond.
Answer: True Page: 378 LOD: Medium
- One of the UML 2.0 diagrams is the collaboration diagram.
Answer: False Page: 382 LOD: Medium
Rationale: The collaboration diagram was renamed the communication diagram in UML 2.0.
- The UML version 1.0 was released in 1997.
Answer: True Page: 371 LOD: Easy
- A student object class might have am attribute called withdrawFromUniversity.
Answer: False Page: 372 LOD: Easy
Rationale: That would be a behavior, not an attribute.
- Multiplicity is the minimum and maximum number of occurrences of one object class for a single occurrence of the related object class.
Answer: True Page: 378 LOD: Easy
- Aggregation is a stronger form of composition.
Answer: False Page: 378 LOD: Medium
Rationale: Composition is a stronger form of aggregation.
- In an e-commerce information system the relationship of a shopping cart object class to a shopping cart item object class would be a generalization/specialization.
Answer: False Page: 378 LOD: Medium
Rationale: It would a composition relationship.
- An object association matrix is a tool for prioritizing use cases.
Answer: False Page: 400 LOD: Medium Rationale: An object association matrix is a tool for determining object class relationships.
- Every object class should have a primary key attribute identified.
Answer: False Page: 405 LOD: Medium Rationale: There is no need in a class diagram to include a primary key attribute unless it is a real business attribute.
- There is no need for foreign keys in a class diagram.
Answer: True Page: 405 LOD: Medium
63. The data associated with an object are called: A) behaviors B) attributes C) inheritance D) encapsulation E) polymorphism
Answer: B Page: 372 LOD: Easy
66. In an activity diagram you would combine flows that were previously separated by decision using a(n): A) merge B) fork C) join D) connector E) none of these
Answer: A Page: 391 LOD: Medium
67. If an object class outlives the execution of the program, it is said to be: A) permanent B) transient C) persistent D) an instance
E) none of these
Answer: C Page: 405 LOD: Medium
- Which of the following people were not involved in developing object-oriented analysis?
A) Grady Booch
B) E.F. Codd
C) Ivar Jacobson
D) James Rumbaugh
E) all of these were involved in developing object-oriented analysis
Answer: B Page: 370-371 LOD: Hard
69. A set of modeling conventions that is used to specify or describe a software system in terms of objects is: A) data flow diagrams B) object flow diagrams C) attribute object diagrams D) unified modeling language E) none of these
Answer: D Page: 370 LOD: Medium
70. The packaging of an object with its behaviors is called: A) behaviors B) attributes C) inheritance D) encapsulation E) polymorphism
Answer: D Page: 372 LOD: Easy
71. Those things that an object can do and that correspond to functions that act on the object's data (or attributes) is known as a(n): A) method B) behavior C) operation D) service E) all of these
Answer: E Page: 372 LOD: Hard
72. Which type of class relationship can be described as 'is part of' or 'is composed of''? A) generalization/specialization B) association C) aggregation D) multiplicity E) inheritance
Answer: C Page: 378 LOD: Medium
73. The condition where the methods and/or attributes defined in an object class can be inherited or reused by another object class is known as: A) encapsulation B) generalization C) inheritance D) specialization E) none of these
Answer: C Page: 373 LOD: Medium
76. What defines how many instances of one object class can be associated with one instance of another object class? A) associativity B) multiplicity C) relationship D) inheritance E) none of these
Answer: B Page: 378 LOD: Medium
77. Diagrams that depict the system's object structure and show object classes that the system is composed of as well as the relationships between those object classes are known as: A) use case diagrams B) class diagrams C) object diagrams D) sequence diagrams E) none of these
Answer: B Page: 382 LOD: Medium
78. Which type of class relationship can be described as 'is a'? A) generalization/specialization B) association C) aggregation D) multiplicity E) inheritance
Answer: A Page: 374 LOD: Medium
- In a Class Diagram a multiplicity of zero or more would be designated by:
A) 0..* B) 0-* C) a crow's foot D) a 0 and a vertical line E) none of these
Answer: A Page: 377 LOD: Easy
80. Which kind of diagram shows aggregation? A) activity diagram B) class diagram C) system sequence diagram D) class relationship diagram E) none of these
Answer: A Page: 405 LOD: Medium
81. In a system sequence diagram, the system is depicted as: A) a single box B) one or more rounded rectangles C) lifelines D) object classes E) none of these
Answer: A Page: 394 LOD: Medium
82. Which of the following can NOT be shown in a system sequence diagram? A) a receiver actor B) loops C) optional steps D) object classes E) system outputs
Answer: C Page: 394-395 LOD: Medium
83. Which of the following can NOT be shown in an activity diagram? A) decisions B) concurrent actions C) actors D) UML convention for messages E) none of these
Answer: C Page: 391 LOD: Medium
- ________________________ diagrams depict the system’s object structure. They show object classes that the system is composed of as well as the relationships between those classes.
Answer: Class Page: 382 LOD: Medium
- ________________________ diagrams depict the interaction between an actor and the system for a use case scenario.
Answer: System sequence Page: 394 LOD: Medium
- ________________________ diagrams graphically depict how objects interact with each other via messages in execution of a use case or operation. They illustrate how messages are sent and received between objects and in what sequence.
Answer: Sequence Page: 382 LOD: Hard
- ________________________ are set over the lifelines in a system sequence diagram to indicate the period of time when the participant is active in the interaction.
Answer: Activation bars Page: 394 LOD: Medium
- A behavior in a subtype is said to _____________ a behavior with the same name in its supertype.
Answer: override Page: 380 LOD: Hard
- In an activity diagram the diamond shape is used to represent a __________ or a ____________.
Answer: decision, merge Page: 391 LOD: Medium
- In an activity diagram a rake symbol is used to represent a _________________.
Answer: subactivity indicator (action broken out in another activity diagram) Page: 391 LOD: Medium
- In an activity diagram a black bar with two or more flows coming in and one flow going out is called a ________________.
Answer: join Page: 391 LOD: Medium
- ________________________ is a relationship in which one larger ‘whole’ class contains one or more smaller ‘parts’ classes.
Answer: Aggregation (or composition) Page: 378 LOD: Medium
- If an object class called Supplier has a behavior called sendEmail and an object class called Customer has a behavior called sendEmail, that is an example of ___________________.
Answer: polymorphism Page: 380 LOD: Hard
- The version of the use case created during requirements analysis is called a(n) _________________ use case.
Answer: requirements Page: 383 LOD: Hard
- If Supplier was an object class, supplier phone number would be a(n) __________________.
Answer: attribute Page: 372 LOD: Medium
- A use case may contain complex functionality consisting of several steps that are difficult to understand. To simplify the use case and make it more easily understood, we could extract the more complex steps into their own use cases. This type of use case is called a(n) ________________________ use case in that it extends the functionality of the original use case.
Answer: extension Page: 384 LOD: Hard
- A(n) ________________________ use case can be invoked only by the use case it is extending.
Answer: extension Page: 384 LOD: Hard
- A(n) ________________________ use case is used to define a use case that has a sequence of common steps that can be used by other use cases. It represents a form of ‘reuse.’
Answer: abstract Page: 384 LOD: Hard
- ___________________ is a stronger form of __________________.
Answer: Composition, aggregation Page: 378 LOD: Hard
- When a class is persistent, it means the objects the class describes will be stored in a ________________________.
Answer: database Page: 405 LOD: Hard
- Object classes that are created temporarily by a software program are called ______________________.
Answer: transient objects Page: 405 LOD: Hard
- UML 1.0 was released in the year _________.
Answer: 1997 Page: 371 LOD: Hard
- ________________________ techniques are used to (1) study existing objects to see if they can be reused or adapted for new uses; and (2) define new or modified objects that will be combined with existing objects into a useful business computing application.
Answer: Object-oriented analysis (OOA) Page: 370 LOD: Hard
- ________________________ is a technique for identifying objects within the systems environment and the relationships between those objects.
Answer: Object modeling Page: 360 LOD: Hard
- The ________________________ is a set of modeling conventions that is used to specify or describe a software system in terms of objects.
Answer: Unified Modeling Language (UML) Page: 371 LOD: Hard
- A(n) ________________________ is something that is, or is capable of being seen, touched, or otherwise sensed, and about which users store data and associate behavior.
Answer: object Page: 372 LOD: Medium
- ________________________ are the data that represent characteristics of interest about an object.
Answer: Attributes Page: 372 LOD: Medium
- A(n) ________________________ is a set of object instances that share the same attributes and behavior. It is sometimes referred to as a class.
Answer: object class Page: 373 LOD: Hard
- ________________________ means that methods and attributes defined in an object class can be inherited or reused by another object class.
Answer: Inheritance Page: 373 LOD: Medium
- ________________________ is a technique wherein the attributes and behaviors that are common to several types of object classes are grouped into their own class, called a supertype. The attributes and methods of the supertype object class are then inherited by those object classes.
Answer: Generalization/specialization Page: 373 LOD: Hard
- A(n) ________________________ is an object whose instances store attributes that are common to one or more class subtypes of the object.
Answer: supertype Page: 374 LOD: Medium
- A(n) ________________________ is an object class whose instances inherit some common attributes from a class supertype and then add other attributes that are unique to an instance of it.
Answer: subtype Page: 374 LOD: Medium
- A(n) ________________________ is a natural business association that exists between one or more object/classes.
Answer: object class relationship Page: 376 LOD: Hard
- ________________________ defines how many instances of one object/class can be associated with one instance of another object/class.
Answer: Multiplicity Page: 378 LOD: Medium
- A(n) ________________________ is passed when one object invokes one or more of another object’s methods (behaviors) to request information or some action.
Answer: message Page: 378 LOD: Medium
