Chapter 10

Question 1

Inductive/Statistical Syllogism

Answer 1

Most Xs are Ys. This is an X, therefore this is a Y

Question 2

Sample

Answer 2

Observed Xs (n)

Question 3

Population/Target

Answer 3

All Xs

Question 4

Feature

Answer 4

Being or having Y

Question 5

Sampling Frame

Answer 5

Subset of population

Question 6

Related Factors

Answer 6

Presence/absence in population could affect feature

Question 7

Biased

Answer 7

Disproportionate # of things have given related factor

Question 8

Terms of Analogy

Answer 8

Things being compared

Question 9

Similarities

Answer 9

Properties terms said to have

Question 10

Comparison Term

Answer 10

Not mentioned in conclusion

Question 11

Target Term

Answer 11

Mentioned in conclusion

Question 12

Confidence Level

Answer 12

Prob. that proportion found in any given sample will be w/in margin of error

Question 13

Fallacy of Hasty Generalization

Answer 13

Overestimating strength of argument based on small sample

Question 14

Fallacy of Anecdotal Evidence

Answer 14

Sample just story

Question 15

Fallacy of Biased Generalization

Answer 15

Overestimating strength of argument based on biases survey sample

Question 16

Illicit Inductive Conversions

Answer 16

% Xs are Ys, therefore % Ys are Xs

Question 17

Logical Analogies

Answer 17

Using argument just like first to disprove first by analogy

Question 18

Law of Large Numbers

Answer 18

Larger # chance-determined, repetitious events considered, closer the alternatives will approach predictable ratios

Question 19

Gambler’s Fallacy

Answer 19

Prob event in random sequence depends on preceding events in series