Chapter 10

Question 1

intelligence

Answer 1

mental potential to learn from experience, solve problems, adapt

Question 2

general intelligence

Answer 2

(g factor) general intelligence factor that underlies certain mental abilities

Question 3

savant syndrome

Answer 3

when a person is limited in mental abilities but has an exceptional specific skill

Question 4

spearman

Answer 4

general intelligence

Question 5

gardner

Answer 5

our abilities are best classified into 8 or 9 different independent intelligences. naturalist, interpersonal, intrapersonal, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, musical, logical-mathematical, linguistic

Question 6

sternberg

Answer 6

intelligence classified into analytical, creative, and practical

Question 7

emotional intelligence

Answer 7

ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

Question 8

intelligence test

Answer 8

method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes

Question 9

achievement tests

Answer 9

test designed to assess what a person has learned

Question 10

aptitude test

Answer 10

test designed to predict a person’s future performance

Question 11

mental age

Answer 11

chronological age that corresponds to a given level of performance

Question 12

standardization

Answer 12

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores

Question 13

normal curve

Answer 13

bell-shaped curve that describes many physical and psychological attributes- most score near average

Question 14

reliability

Answer 14

extent to which a test yields consistent results

Question 15

validity

Answer 15

extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to

Question 16

content validity

Answer 16

extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest

Question 17

predictive validity

Answer 17

success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to

Question 18

cohort

Answer 18

group of people sharing a common characteristic

Question 19

crystallized intelligence

Answer 19

accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, gets larger with age

Question 20

fluid intelligence

Answer 20

ability to reason quickly and abstractly, tends to decrease during late adulthood

Question 21

heritability

Answer 21

the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes

Question 22

stereotype threat

Answer 22

self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype

Question 23

eugenics

Answer 23

improving human population by controlled breeding

Question 24

flynn effect

Answer 24

long sustained increase in crystallized and fluid intelligences