Chapter 10 Flashcards
What detect changes in the environment and stimulate neurons to send nerve impulses to the CNS for processing?
sensory receptors
What senses are widely distributed and structurally simple, touch pressure, temperature and pain?
general senses
What senses have complex specialized sensory organs in the head, vision, hearing, smell, taste, balance?
special senses
What are the types of general receptors?
chemoreceptors, pain, thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and photoreceptors
Receptors sensitive to changes in chemical concentration
chemoreceptors
receptors that detect tissue damage
pain
responds to temperature differences
thermoreceptors
responds to changes in pressure or movement
mechanoreceptors
respond to light; found in the eye
photoreceptors
Senses of body position, location in space, are associated with skeletal muscles
proprioception
what are receptors for?
touch
pressure senses, sense
deformation or displacement of tissues
These consist of free nerve endings that are stimulated when tissues are damaged
pain receptors
Masses of epithelium in roof of the nasal cavity contain olfactory receptros
olfactory organs
smell receptors are chemoreceptors, inhaled odorants stimulate particular groups of olfactory receptors, to provide discrimination of smell receptors
olfactory receptors
spherical organs of taste, each contain 50-100 taste cellls
taste buds
functions as chemoreceptors, replaced every 10 days
taste cells (gustatory cells)
List the 5 types of taste cells
sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami (delicious and savory)
What are the 3 portions of the external ear?
auricle (pinna), external acoustic meatus (external auditory canal), tympanic membrane (eardrum)
What collect sounds?
auricle (pinna)
what is a s shaped tube that transports sound toward the ear drum?
external acoustic meatus
this lies at the end of the external acoustic meatus and vibrates sound waves
tympanic membrane
The middle ear houses 3 tiny bones called
auditory ossicles: malleus, incus, and stapes
what are the two types of sense of equilibrium
static and dynamic
hearing receptors cells, possess hairs that extend into the cochlear duct
hair cells
what is found in the cochlea?
hearing receptor and spiral organelles
help to maintain the position of the head, posture and balance when the head and body are still
static equilibrium
help maintain balance when the head and body suddenly move or rotate, sensed by 3 semicircular canals
dynamic equilibrium
area of the inner ear between the tympanic cavity and posterior to the cochlea that contains the otolith organs.
vestibule
is transparent and help focus light ray, in the outer layer of the eye
cornea
the white of the eye and part of the outer eye
sclera,
what forms a ring around the front of the eye and can change the shape of the lens to focus, is located in the middle of the eye
ciliary body
colored portion that surrounds the pupil, in the middle of the eye
iris
are modified neurons which are the visual receptor cells
photoceptors
key bridge between the light that enters your eyes and the images you see.
retina
this provides sharp images in bright light, color vison and three types to sense different color
cones
more sensitive to light and function in dim light, provide black and white vison, more of these than cones in the retina
rods
fluid that fill the eye
humors
fills the space between the cornea and lens
aqueous humor
fills space between lens and retina
vitreous humor
focusing causes light rays to bend
refraction
