CHAPTER 10

Question 1

criminal justice

Answer 1

• the system and process of creating, interpreting and enforcing laws of the government/state
• the ultimate goal is to punish offenders and protect society
• done so justice can be felt by all

Question 2

social justice

Answer 2

the fair and equitable distribution of power and resources

Question 3

what are the 4 principles of social justice

Answer 3

• The foundation of a strong society is the equal worth of all of its citizens
• All citizens are entitled to be able to meet their basic needs (income, food, shelter, clothing, healthcare and education is held by all citizens)
• Equal right to self-respect, dignity, and autonomy (determined by the widest possible spread of opportunities and life chances)
• Inequalities need to be reduced or eliminated

Question 4

social injustice

Answer 4

• the unequal distribution of power and resources in all aspects of life
• e.g. incude but not limited to racial inequality, ageism, sexism, sexual oppression, poverty, differential health care access and use, income gaps

Question 5

what are the 4 main difficulties of detecting social injustice

Answer 5

• Social injustice may not come to light as a moral issue.
• Social injustice is difficult to see when it is occurring close to you.
• Inaction aids social injustice
• Fighting social injustice requires a lot of resources

Question 6

mitigating social injustice (10 steps)

Answer 6

1. recognize human dignity
2. community and common good
3. rights and responsibilities (R+R)
4. priority must be given to the most poor and vulnerable
5. participation
6. dignity at work and of workers
7. solidarity
8. stewardship
9. governance
10. promote peace

Question 7

what are the 5 things that justice is the Criminal Justice Act of England came up

Answer 7

• Punishment
• Deterrence
• Protection of public
• Rehabilitation
• Reparations

Question 8

what are the three objectives Congress sought to achieve in enacting the Sentencing Reform Act

Answer 8

• Honesty in sentencing
• Reasonable uniformity in sentencing by narrowing the wide disparity in sentences imposed for similar criminal offences committed by similar offenders.
• Proportionality in sentencing through a system that imposes appropriately different sentences for criminal conduct of differing severity

Question 9

sentencing guidelines

Answer 9

• a set of rules for judges to use to compute sentences
• e.g. sentencing guidelines for robbery are an average of the sentences handed down over a period of time for all robberies