Chapter 10

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Beliefs, understandings, practices, and ways of interpreting experience that are shared by a number of people

Question 2

Individualism/Collectivism

Answer 2

One of five dimensions of variation among cultures, this refers to the extent to which members of a culture understand themselves as part of and connected to their families, groups, and cultures.

Question 3

Uncertainty avoidance

Answer 3

One of five dimensions of variation among cultures, this refers to the extent to which people try to avoid ambiguity and vagueness

Question 4

Power Distance

Answer 4

One of five dimensions of variation among cultures, this refers to the size of the gap between people with high and low power and the extent to which that gap is regarded asnormal

Question 5

Masculinity/Femininity

Answer 5

One of five dimensions of variation among cultures, this refers to the extent to which a culture values aggressiveness, competitiveness, looking out for yourself, and dominating others and nature (considered masculine orientations) versus gentleness, cooperation, and taking care of others and liv-ing in harmony with the natu-ral world (considered feminine orientations)

Question 6

Long term / short term orientation

Answer 6

One of five dimensions of variation among cultures, this refers to the extent to which members of a culture think about and long term (history and future) versus short term (present)

Question 7

Dimentions of Cultural Variation

Answer 7

Individualism/Collectivism, Uncertainty avoidance, Power Distance, Masculinity/Femininity, Long term / short term orientation

Question 8

dymanic

Answer 8

Evolving and chaning over time

Question 9

sources of cultural change

Answer 9

Invention, Diffusion, Calamity, Communication

Question 10

Calamity

Answer 10

Adversity that brings about change in a culture

Question 11

Diffusion

Answer 11

borrowing from other cultures

Question 12

Invention

Answer 12

Creation of tools, ideas, and practices

Question 13

Social Communities

Answer 13

Groups of people who live within a dominant culture yet who also have common distinctive experiences and patterns of communicating. For example, immigrants may identify with both the culture to which they have moved and the culture of their homeland

Question 14

High-context communication style

Answer 14

The indirect and undetailed communication favored in collectivist cultures

Question 15

low-context communication style

Answer 15

the direcr, precise, and detailed communication favored in individualisic cultures

Question 16

Premises about cultures

Answer 16

They are systems, vary long 5 dimentions, dynamic, and may include multiple social communities

Question 17

Ethnocentrism

Answer 17

The ten-dency to regard ourselves and our way of life as superior to other people and other ways of life

Question 18

cultural relativism

Answer 18

The idea that cultures vary in how they think, act, and behave as well as in what they believe and value; not the same as moral relativism

Question 19

5 responses to diveristy

Answer 19

resistance (A response to cultural diversity in which the cultural practices of others are attacked or the superiority of one’s own cultural traditions is proclaimed), Tolerance, understanding, repsect, and participation

Question 20

Assimilation

Answer 20

The giving up of ones own cultures ways for those of another culture

Question 21

tolerance

Answer 21

the accpetance of differnces even though we may not apppve or even understand them.

Question 22

multilingual

Answer 22

Able to speak and think in more than one language