Chapter 10

Question 1

Is the creation of age categories in a society and the attachment of certain rights, expectations and duties to each.

Answer 1

Age Grading

Question 2

Is a structural system of inequality in which different age groups are ranked in a hierarchy based on status value.

Answer 2

Age Stratification

Question 3

Is prejudice and discrimination directed against people based on age.

Answer 3

Ageism

Question 4

Are the arenas in which socialization occurs. Those agents include the family, peers, the educational system, the media, the workplace, religion and the military.

Answer 4

Agents of Socialization

Question 5

States that disadvantages experienced in youth accumulate and lead to greater inequality in later life.

Answer 5

Cumulative Disadvantage Theory

Question 6

Is a broad perspective that advocates for equality between men and women.

Answer 6

Feminism

Question 7

Is the socially and culturally constructed differences between males and females that are found in the meanings, beliefs and practices associated with masculinity and femininity.

Answer 7

Gender

Question 8

Refers to the differences between men’s and women’s earnings, controlling for full-time employment.

Answer 8

Gender Pay Gap

Question 9

Is men’s and women’s unequal access to property, prestige and power.

Answer 9

Gender Stratification

Question 10

Is an institution constructed by gender relations, and its structure and values reflect conceptions of masculinity and femininity.

Answer 10

Gendered Institution

Question 11

Describes what happens when women are blocked from upward mobility in their chosen field.

Answer 11

Glass Ceiling

Question 12

Is the tendency for men seeking work or working in traditionally female occupations to benefit from prevailing gender ideology.

Answer 12

Glass Escalator Effect

Question 13

Is a system of attitudes, bias and discrimination in favor of opposite-sex sexuality and relationships.

Answer 13

Heterosexism

Question 14

Is the fear and hatred of homosexuality.

Answer 14

Homophobia

Question 15

Is a conceptual framework that allows for the examination of
interconnections among socially constructed statuses, which can include sex, gender, sexual orientation and age.

Answer 15

Intersectionality Approach

Question 16

Describes babies born with genitalia that are neither clearly male nor female.

Answer 16

Intersexed

Question 17

In which elders are resented for their age-based entitlement programs and political clout.

Answer 17

New Ageism

Question 18

Is a structural system of inequality in which men control the major social institutions, including the family, the economy, politics and religion.

Answer 18

Patriarchy

Question 19

Is a disadvantage or constraint attached to a social status.

Answer 19

Penalty

Question 20

Is where women are concentrated in jobs that are typically low-paying and low prestige and offer limited opportunities for advancement.

Answer 20

Pink Collar Ghetto

Question 21

Are the genitalia involved in the reproductive process.

Answer 21

Primary Sex Characteristics

Question 22

Is an advantage or opportunity, often unearned, attached to a social status.

Answer 22

Privilege

Question 23

Are the changes that occur at puberty as a result of hormonal production.

Answer 23

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Question 24

Refers to the biological and anatomical differences between females and males.

Answer 24

Sex

Question 25

Refers to the concentration of men and women in different occupations.

Answer 25

Sex Segregation

Question 26

Is the belief that one sex and, by extension, one gender is superior to another.

Answer 26

Sexism

Question 27

Is the direction of sexual and emotional interest.

Answer 27

Sexual Orientation

Question 28

Is a socially created structural category or position in society. Each status carries with it certain rights, expectations and duties.

Answer 28

Social status

Question 29

Is the systematic ranking of categories of people on a scale of social worth, which affects how valued resources are distributed in a society.

Answer 29

Social Stratification

Question 30

Is the social value assigned to social statuses whereby some statuses are treated as more valuable or worthy than others.

Answer 30

Status Value

Question 31

Is a term that has emerged to recognize a diversity of possible gender identities and gender expressions.

Answer 31

Transgender

Question 32

Refers to people whose identity, expression, behavior and general sense of self does not conform to traditional gender expectations associated with their biological sex.

Answer 32

Transgender people

Question 33

Are people whose gender identity is different from their assigned sex at birth, and they seek to transition from male to female or female to male.

Answer 33

Transsexuals