Chapter 10, 11, 19: Acids and Bases

Question 1

Arrhenius definition acid

Answer 1

An Arrhenius acid is a substance that dissociates in aqueous solution, forming hydrogen ions

Question 2

Arrhenius definition base

Answer 2

An Arrhenius base is a substance that dissociates in aqueous solution, forming hydroxide ions

Question 3

Limitations of Arrhenius theory x4

Answer 3

Limited to acid-base reactions that take place in water
Does not explain how certain substances can be amphoteric
Does not include NH3 as a base
When an acid dissolves in water, hydronium ion is formed (H30+)

Question 4

Amphoteric definition

Answer 4

Acts as an acid with a base and acts as a base with an acid

Question 5

Bronsted-Lowry acid definition

Answer 5

A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor

Question 6

Bronsted-Lowry base definition

Answer 6

A Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor

Question 7

Conjugate acid-base pair definition

Answer 7

An conjugate acid-base pair is an acid and base that differ by the presence or absence of a proton

Question 8

Standard solution definition

Answer 8

A standard solution is one whose concentration is accurately known

Question 9

Primary standard definition

Answer 9

A primary standard is water-soluble substance that is stable and available in pure form

Question 10

Define pH

Answer 10

−log ([H+])

Question 11

Limitations of the pH scale x3

Answer 11

Not useful outside the 0 to 14 range
Concentrated solution of strong acids/bases do not dissociate fully in solution
Limited to aqueous solution