Chapter 10 & 11 Flashcards
FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD
- Transport life-sustaining nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to body
- Transport waste products from cells of the body to prevent toxic buildup
- Help maintain stability of the fluid volume that exists within body tissues
- Help regulate body temperature
vessels carrying blood AWAY from the heart
arteries
small blood vessels where the oxygen goes into the cells and carbon dioxide is received from cells into the bloodstream
Capillaries
vessels that carry blood back TO the heart
veins
Agglutin/o
clumping
Erythr/o
red
Hemo, hemat/o
blood
Leuk/o
white
Thromb/o
clotting
Main components of blood
platelets, RBCs and WBCs
where platelets, RBCs and WBCs formed
bone marrow
function of thrombocytes aka platelets
form clots
Erythrocyte (RBCs) have hemoglobin to____
carry oxygen
neutrophil, eisinophil, basophil, lymphocytes, monocytes are 5 types of what?
Leukocytes
liquid part of blood
plasma
What % water is in plasma?
92
What contains clotting substances? (thrombin, fibrin, albumin, etc)
plasma
What percent of blood is plasma?
52
Erythro
red
Leuko
white
Thrombo
clot
a cell that “eats” up something
Phagocyte or macrophage
what digests/eats up bacteria in the body?
macrophage WBC
poeisis
making
platelets are made in___
bone marrow
What are the 4 types of blood?
O, A, B, AB
the + or - refers to presence/absence of____ on the Red Blood cell surface
Rh antigen
Rh incompatibility between a mother and her baby in utero is called____
erythroblastosis fetalis
medicine that prevents blood from clotting
Anticoagulant
the process of forming a blood clot
Coagulation
something that stops bleeding
Hemostatic
medicine that breaks apart a clot that is already present
Thrombolytic
not enough RBCs to transport oxygen
Anemia
too many RBCs (abnormal increase in RBCs)
Polycythemia
disorder/cancer of WBCs–body makes too many immature WBCs that cannot do their job
Leukemia
cancer of bone marrow–bone marrow is where RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are formed. Cancer in bone marrow causes immature/nonfunctioning RBCs, WBCs, or platelets, or caues too few to be formed
Multiple myeloma
disease has disappeared for now/is being controlled is called _____ which is often caused by Chemotherapy
remission
___ means the disease has returned
relapse
complete blood count (lab test)- abbreviation
CBC
Most common blood test ordered
CBC
hemoglobin abbreviation
Hgb
Red blood cells abbreviation
RBC
White blood cells abbreviation
WBC
arteri/o, arter/o
artery
ather/o
fatty substance
sclerosis
hardening/narrowing
hardening of the fatty substance in the arteries, causing the lumen to be more narrow/not as wide.
atherosclerosis
hemangi/o
blood vessel
pericardi/o
pericardium
___ is the sac around the heart that contains a small amount of fluid
pericardium
thromb/o
blood clot
Angi/o
blood vessel
vas/o
blood vessel
Phleb/o
vein
taking blood from a vein
phlebotomy
Aort/o
aorta
Atr/io
atrium
top chamber of the heart
atriums
cardi/o
heart
condition of hardening).
sclerosis
Sphygmo
pulse
Sphygmomanomete
blood pressure cuff
Ventricu/lo
ventricles
What are the bottom chambers of the heart?
ventricles
how many chambers does the heart have?
4
How many valves does the heart have?
4
___valve separates right atria and right ventricle
Tricuspid
___valve separate left atria from left ventricle.
Mitral
___valve separates right ventricle from pulmonary arteries.
pulmonic
___valve separates left ventricle from aorta.
aortic
____ separates the atria & ventricles from each other (runs between right sided chambers of the heart and left sided chambers of the heart)
septum
muscular layer of the heart
Myocardium
___ SIDE OF HEART has DEOXYGENATED blood (soon travel to lungs to pick up oxygen)
right
____ SIDE OF HEART HAS OXYGENATED blood because it came from lungs
left
using a metal mesh device to hold the artery open after a coronary angioplasty opens it
stent
opening of the blocked coronary artery using a balloon on a catheter
Coronary angioplasty
open heart surgery to create a new passage for blood to “bypass” the blocked part of a a coronary artery
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
help regulate heart rate
Antiarrhythmics
relieves angina
Antianginal
medicine to dissolve/break up blood clots
Thrombolytic
something that makes you get rid of water via extra urination
Diuretic
extra water/swelling in the body
edema
a medicine that dilates a blood vessel
vaso-dilator
Injecting dye into the body so to see how it flows through the coronary arteries and look under xray to see if the coronary arteries are narrowed
Coronary angiogram
using sound waves to visualize blood flowing and valves of the heart
Echocardiogram
disease of the heart muscle
cardiomyopathy
heart attack. Occurs when 1 or more coronary arteries become narrowed/blocked and part of the heart muscle tissue (myocardium) dies or is injured because of lack of blood flow to the muscle
Myocardial infarction
disease of blood vessels of the heart (coronary arteries)
Cardiovascular disease
to widen the lumen of the blood vessel so more blood can flow through
dilate
to narrow the lumen of the blood vessel
constrict
chest pain caused by lack of oxygen/blood flow to the heart muscle via the coronary arteries
angina
artery that delivers blood to the heart muscle
Coronary artery
artery leading off aorta to the head and neck
Carotid artery
blood clot
thrombus
heart has abnormal rhythm
Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
heart beats too slow (under 60bpm)
Bradycardia
heart beats too fast (greater 100 bpm)
tachycardia
Normal heart electrical rhythm
SINUS rhythm
”bad” cholesterol that sticks to the vessels and can cause narrowing of blood vessels (atherosclerosis)
LDL
good cholesterol
HDL
checks your HDL, LDL, and triglycerides
lipid panel
DIASTOLE phase
relaxion
heart relaxes between beats is not pumping and the chambers are refilling with blood between contractions is called
diastole
When heart contracts and pushes blood out is called __
systole
Blood pressure reads as
systole/diastole EX (120mm/80mm)
measure of blood against the artery walls
blood pressure
Largest artery that carries oxygen-rich blood away from heart is
aorta
Largest vein that carries deoxygenated blood back to heart is
vena cava
is circulation of blood flow within the heart– blood flowing in small arteries on outside of heart muscle that feed the heart muscle so it can keep pumping
coronary circulation
blood flowing around in the body
systemic circulation
blood flowing between the lungs and the heart
pulmonary circulation
What is the name of the large vein that returns blood to the heart from the body?
VENA CAVA
Which chamber of the heart does blood enter after the VENA CAVA?
Right Atrium
What is the name of the valve that blood passes through from the Right Atrium to the Right Ventricle?
tricuspid valve
After the Right Ventricle, through which valve does blood flow?
pulmonic valve
What is the next step for blood after it passes through the PULMONIC VALVE?
pulmonary arteries to lungs
How does blood get from the lungs to the left atrium?
pulmonary vein
What valve does blood pass through from the left atrium to the left ventricle?
mitral
What chamber does blood enter after the left ventricle?
Aorta
Blood flows from the left ventricle through the _______ to the aorta.
AORTIC VALVE
What is the final destination of blood after it exits the aorta?
The body
