Chapter 10 11 12

Question 1

DNA fingerprinting

Answer 1

process by which DNA fragments are used to create a pattern of bands to identify a suspect

Question 2

ethical issues of gene therapy

Answer 2

GMOs are not tested or regulated adequately
eating GMO is dangerous
loss of genetic diversity among crop plants
GM crops may be sterile seeds
pests resistant to Bt toxin

Question 3

Explain how the lac operon works

Answer 3

2 other genes upstream from them. The promoter actsas a binding site for RNA polymerase to begin transcription of the 3 genes into mRNA. In turn, the Operator is a gene that regulates the activity of the Promoter

• operator free= transcription
• operator is bound= no transcription

Question 4

Nobel Prize winners

Answer 4

James Watson
Francis Crick
Maurice WIlkins

Question 5

Basics of DNA

Answer 5

• 2 strands
• Doesn’t leave the nucleus
• More stable
• Second in evolution

Question 6

Basics of RNA

Answer 6

• 1 strand
• leaves the nucleus
• less stable
• first in evolution

Question 7

gene

Answer 7

sequence of base pairs that carries information for producing a functional product

Question 8

coding dna

Answer 8

dna that specifies protein or rna synthesis, dna with a purpose

Question 9

intron

Answer 9

a copy of non coding DNA onto mRNA

they are spliced because they interfere with protein synthesis

Question 10

genetic code

Answer 10

this is a key that correlates codons to amino acids

Question 11

translation

Answer 11

assemble amino acids into proteins using mRNA template

Question 12

translocation

Answer 12

a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes

Question 13

codon

Answer 13

a triplet sequence of bases that identify a specific amino acid

Question 14

mutation

Answer 14

permanent change to the DNA sequence

Question 15

deletion

Answer 15

gene is lost