chapter 10

Question 1

how does water and mineral salts move into root hair cells?

Answer 1

water moves into the cell through the cell by osmosis and mineral salts move up through diffusion

Question 2

function of the xylem and phloem tissue inside a plant

Answer 2

xylem: transports water and mineral salts from the roots to all parts of the plant
phloem: transports food made in the leaves to other parts of the plant

Question 3

what is the difference between diffusion and osmosis

Answer 3

osmosis only happens when water molecules move through a partially permeable membrane

Question 4

what are the components in the circulatory system

Answer 4

heart: a muscular pump that circulates blood around the body continuously

blood vessels: veins- carries blood towards the heart
arteries- carries blood away from the
capillaries- connects arteries to veins
heart

blood: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma

Question 5

a beaker has a partially permeable membrane in the middle of it with one solution on each side
solution A: contains 30% of sucrose solution
solution B: contains 50% of sucrose solution
describe the movement of molecules

Answer 5

Since test tube A has a higher water potential, water molecules move from solution A to solution B. While B contains a higher concentration of sucrose molecules, but the sucrose molecules are too big to pass through the partially permeable membrane

hence solution B’s volume rises while solution A’s falls

Eventually both solutions will have the same concentration of sucrose and water molecules
(no net movement)

Question 6

what are the components of blood and what are its functions?

Answer 6

red blood cells: transport oxygen from lungs to other parts of the body

plasma: -remove carbon dioxide and other waste substances produced in the body
- transports digested food from small intestines to other parts of the body
- transports other substances such as hormones

platelets: clots blood

white blood cells: helps body fight infections and other diseases, protects body from disease causing germs

Question 7

What about the shape of the red blood cells that helps them do their function?

Answer 7

biconcave shape: has a higher surface area to volume ratio for oxygen to diffuse in and out faster

no nucleus: more space to store haemoglobin
more space to transport oxygen