Chapter 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
1
Q
**Bone Functions **
A
- support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation
2
Q
How many bones in the Human Body?
A
- 206
3
Q
**Bone classifications **
A
- long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, sesamoid bones.
4
Q
Name the parts of the Long bone.
A
- Diaphysis
- Epiphyses
- Epiphyseal Plates
5
Q
Diaphysis
A
- Shaft of a long bone.
6
Q
Epiphyseal Plate
A
- Cartilaginous structure that separatess the epiphysis from the diaphysis.
7
Q
Periosteum
A
- Layer of cells surrounding the entire bone that produces new bone cells.
8
Q
Articular Cartilage
A
- coverings at the ends of the epiphyses that provide for smooth movement between bones and protect the bone ends from wear and tear.
9
Q
Articular Surface
A
- part of the condyle that articulates with another bone.
10
Q
Short Bones
A
- lack a diaphysis and are fairly symmetrical
11
Q
Sesamoid Bone
A
- Oval bones that are free floating and found in tendons of muscles (i.e. Patella)
12
Q
Anatomical Landmarks
A
- terms used to describe bone features
13
Q
Tuberosity
A
- large bump on a bone, usually an attachment for another structure.
14
Q
Process
A
- A projection from a bone, usually an attachment for another structure.
15
Q
Tubercle
A
- A smaller bump on a bone, usually an attachment for another structure.
16
Q
Spine or Spinous Process
A
- typically a longer and thinner projection of a bone.
17
Q
Condyles
A
- Large bony knobs at either end of a long bone.
18
Q
Epicondyle
A
- Smaller bony knobs that sometimes appear just above the condyles of a bone.
19
Q
Fossa
A
- smooth hallow surface on a bone and usually functions as a source of attachment for another structure.
20
Q
Facet
A
- smaller flatter smooth surface than a fossa, serves as an attachement site.
21
Q
Notch
A
- area of bone that appears to be cut and allows for the passage of other structures like blood vessels and nerves.
22
Q
Foramen
A
- Similar in function to a notch but appearing as a hole in a bone.
23
Q
Ramus
A
- an extension of a bone making an angle to the rest of the structure.
24
Q
Trochanter
A
- A large, rough, projection.
25
Q
Crest
A
- A prominent ridge.
26
Q
Line
A
- A low ridge.
27
Q
Head
A
- The expended articular end of an epiphysis from the shaft by the neck.
28
Q
Neck
A
- A narrow connection between the epiphysis and diaphysis.
29
Q
Trochlea
A
- A smooth grooved articular process shaped ilke a pulley
30
Q
Sulcus
A
- A narrow groove.
31
Q
Fissure
A
- An elongated cleft
32
Q
Canal
A
- A passage way through the substrunce of a bone.
33
Q
Sinus
A
- A chamber within a bone, normally filled with air.
34
Q
ab-
A
- From; (abduction)
35
Q
acetabulum
A
- a vinegar cup: acetabulum of the hip joint.
36
Q
ad-
A
- toward; (adduction)
37
Q
amphi-
A
- on both sides; (amphiarthrosis).
38
Q
arthros-
A
- joint; (synarthrosis).
39
Q
blast
A
- precursor; (osteoblast).
40
Q
circum-
A
- around; (circumduction).
41
Q
clast
A
- break; (osteoclast).
42
Q
clavius
A
- clavicle
43
Q
concha
A
- shell; (middle concha).
44
Q
corona
A
- crown; (coronoid fossa).
45
Q
cranio-
A
- skull; (cranium).
46
Q
cribrium
A
- sieve; (cribriform plate).
47
Q
dens-
A
- tooth.
48
Q
dia-
A
- through; (diathrosis).
49
Q
duco-
A
- to lead (abduction).
50
Q
e-
A
- out; (eversion).
51
Q
gennan
A
- to produce; (osteogenosis).
52
Q
gomphosis
A
- a bolting together; (gamphosis).
53
Q
in
A
- into; (inversion).
54
Q
infra-
A
- beneath; (infraspinous).
55
Q
lacrimae
A
- tears; (lacrimal bones).
56
Q
lamella
A
- thin plate; (lamellae of bone).
57
Q
malleolus
A
- little hammer; (medial malleolus).
58
Q
meniscus
A
- cresent; (menisci).
59
Q
osteon
A
- bone; (osteocytes).
60
Q
penia
A
- lacking; (osteopenia).
61
Q
planta
A
- sole; (plantar).
62
Q
porosus
A
- porous; (osteoporosis).
63
Q
septum
A
- wall; (nasal septum).
64
Q
stylos
A
- pillar; (styloid process).
65
Q
supra
A
- above; (supraspinous fossa).
66
Q
sutura
A
- a sewing together; (suture).
67
Q
teres
A
- cylindrical; (ligamentum teres).
68
Q
trabecula
A
- wall; (trabeculae in spongy bone).
69
Q
trochlea
A
- pulley; (trochlea).
70
Q
vertere
A
- to turn, (inversion).
