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Human Geography And Development > Chapter 1: This Is Geography > Flashcards

Chapter 1: This Is Geography Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Culture?

A

A society’s collective beliefs, Values, traditions, forms of behavior, social organizations and structures that are created according to the groups conditions of life and are transmitted from generation to generation while undergoing changes in the process.

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2
Q

What is Ethnocentrism?

A

The belief that one’s own ethnic group is evidently superior to others.

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3
Q

What is an ethnic group?

A

People sharing a distinctive culture often based on a common religion, language, national origin, or race.

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4
Q

What is Acculturation?

A

Process by which an ethnic group changes in order to function in the host society.

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5
Q

What is Assimilation?

A

The loss of all ethnic traits and the complete blending into the host society.

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6
Q

What is prejudice?

A

A negative opinion or judgment either without knowing the facts or in spite of knowing the facts.

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7
Q

What is a place?

A

A specific point on earth distinguished by a particular characteristic.

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8
Q

What is a region?

A

An area of earth defined by one or more specific characteristics.

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9
Q

What is scale?

A

The relationship between a portion of earth being studied and the earth as a whole

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10
Q

What is space?

A

The physical space between two objects

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11
Q

What is connection?

A

The relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

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12
Q

What is GIScience?

A

The analysis of a data about earth acquired through satellite and other information technologies

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13
Q

What is photogrammetry?

A

The science of taking measurements of earths surface from photographs

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14
Q

What is remote sensing?

A

Acquisition of data about earths surface from satellites or other long distance methods

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15
Q

What is gps?

A

The system that provides the precise location of something on earth

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16
Q

What is Geotagging?

A

Identification and storage of information by precise latitude and longitude

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17
Q

What is VGI?

A

The dissemination and creation of geo data contributed voluntarily and for free by individuals

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18
Q

What is a mashup?

A

An map that overlays data from one service on top of a map provided by a mapping service

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19
Q

What is map scale?

A

The relationship between the size of the map to its actual size on earth.

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20
Q

What is projection?

A

The scientific method of transferring location on earth’s surface to a flat map

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21
Q

What is Mercutor projection?

A

The size of the map is grossly distorted but the shape stays the same

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22
Q

What is Galls-Peter projection?

A

Does not distort relative size but does distort the shape

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23
Q

What is a Good-Homologine projection?

A

Separates the Eastern and western hemispheres into two pieces and has no right angle parallells

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24
Q

What is a Robinson projection?

A

Main focus of the map is the oceans and makes the land areas smaller

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25
Q

What is the geographic grid?

A

Systems of imagery drawn in a grid pattern of earths surface

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26
Q

What is a meridian?

A

Arc drawn between the north and south poles

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27
Q

What is longitude?

A

Numbering system used to identify meridians

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28
Q

What is a parallel?

A

Circle drawn around the globe parallel to earth’s equator

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29
Q

What is Latitude?

A

Numbering system used to identify a parallel.

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30
Q

What is UTC/GMT?

A

The time at the prime meridian

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31
Q

What is the international date line?

A

An arc that typically follows 180 degrees longitude

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32
Q

What is location?

A

The position that something occupies on earths surface

33
Q

What is a Toponym?

A

The name given to a place on earth

34
Q

What is SITE?

A

The physical character of a place

35
Q

What is situation?

A

The location of a place relative to other places

36
Q

What is cultural landscape?

A

Combination of cultural features such as language, religion, economy and industry; as well as physical features like climate and vegetation.

37
Q

What is a Formal Region?

A

An area where most people share one or more distinctive characteristics

38
Q

What is a vernacular region?

A

An area that people believe exists as part of it’s cultural identity

39
Q

What is a transnational corporation?

A

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters and shareholders are located.

40
Q

What is spatial association?

A

when the distribution of one feature is related to the distribution of another feature

41
Q

What is distribution?

A

The arrangement of a feature in space

42
Q

What is density?

A

The frequency with which something occurs in space

43
Q

What is concentration?

A

The extent of a features spread over space

44
Q

What is pattern?

A

The geometric arrangement of objects

45
Q

What is uneven development?

A

The increasing gap in economic condition between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy

46
Q

What is connection?

A

The relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space.

47
Q

What is expansion diffusion?

A

The spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process.

48
Q

What is Heirarchical diffusion?

A

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places

49
Q

What is contagious diffusion?

A

The rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population (going viral)

50
Q

What is Stimulus diffusion?

A

The spread of an underlying principle (tech companies adopting stuff from competitors)

51
Q

What is relocation diffusion?

A

The spread of a feature through physical movement when people move from one place to another

52
Q

What is Syncretism?

A

The combination of elements from two separate groups to make a new cultural feature

53
Q

What is a network?

A

A chain of communication that connects places

54
Q

What is a resource?

A

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

55
Q

What is sustainability?

A

The use of Earth’s resources in a way that ensures their availability in the future

56
Q

What is conservation?

A

The sustainable use and management of Earth’s natural resources to meet human needs such as food, medicine, and recreation

57
Q

What is conservation?

A

The sustainable use and management of Earth’s natural resources to meet human needs such as food, medicine, and recreation

58
Q

What is a biotic system?

A

A system composed of living organisms

59
Q

What is a n Abiotic system?

A

A system composed of non-living or inorganic matter.

60
Q

What is the atmosphere?

A

The thin layer of gases surrounding the earth

61
Q

What is the hydrosphere?

A

All of the water on or near earth’s surface

62
Q

What is the lithosphere?

A

Earth’s crust and a portion of the upper mantle below the crust

63
Q

What is the biosphere?

A

All living organisms on earth, including plants and animals, as well as microorganisms

64
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

A group of organisms and the abiotic spheres with which they interact

65
Q

What is ecology?

A

The scientific study of ecosystems

66
Q

What is cultural ecology?

A

The geographic study of humans and the relationship to the environment in which they live

67
Q

What is environmental determinism?

A

The idea that a physical environment causes a persons social development.

68
Q

What is possibilism?

A

The idea that while a physical envrionment may impose limiting factors, a person can choose to adjust their environment

69
Q

Whereas toponyms in NA and Australia commonly have British origins, what are they often in South Africa?

A

Dutch

70
Q

What country is NOT one of the leading countries of immigrants into the US?

A

South Africa

71
Q

TRUE/FALSE: The Native American and African American presence in the US predate the great waves of European Migration?

A

FALSE

72
Q

TRUE/FALSE: Racism started when Apartheid policies were written into law

A

FALSE

73
Q

TRUE/FALSE: When white flight intensified, Apartheid became the dialect of Dutch spoken in South Africa

A

FALSE

74
Q

TRUE/FALSE: The official population groups in Apartheid South Africa included African Americans

A

FALSE

75
Q

TRUE/FALSE: Up until 1994, Africa was under white political control

A

FALSE

76
Q

TRUE/FALSE: As part of the geography of apartheid, ten racial homelands or bantustans were scattered throughout the east and northeast quadrants of South Africa

A

TRUE

77
Q

TRUE/FALSE: Under apartheid classifications, the smallest racial group numerically was Indians

A

TRUE

78
Q

TRUE/FALSE: South Africa became an independent country under majority rule in 1910

A

FALSE

Human Geography And Development (5 decks)

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