Chapter 1: The Study of the Person Flashcards
What are the three parts of the psychology triad?
- How people feel
- How people think
- How people behave
What are the five basic approaches?
- Trait approach
- Biological approach
- Psychoanalytic approach
- Phenomenological approach
- Learning and cognitive approach
What is the paradigm of the trait approach?
It it how people differ psychologically and how these differences might be conceptualized, measured, and followed over time.
What is the paradigm of the biological approach?
It is to understand the mind in terms of the body.
What is the paradigm of the psychoanalytic approach?
It focuses on people’s conscious experience of the world.
What is the paradigm of the learning and cognitive approach?
It focuses on cognitive processes that applies insights and methods derived from the study of perception, memory, and thought.
What are the focal topics of the trait approach?
- Conceptualization of individual differences
- Measurement of individual differences
- Consequences of individual differences
- Personality development
- Personality change
What are the focal topics of the biological approach?
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Genetics
- Evolution
What are the focal topics of the psychoanalytic approach?
- Conscious awareness and experience
- Free will
- Humanistic psychology
- Cross-cultural psychology
What are the focal topics of the learning and cognitive approach?
- Learning
- Classic behaviourism
- Social and learning theory
- Cognitive personality psychology:
The goal of personality psychology is to…
a. explain the whole person in his or her daily environment
b. explain how people think in ways that differ from each other
c. understand extreme patterns of personality
d. develop One Big Theory to explain everything about personality
a. explain the whole person in his or her daily environment
The basic approaches or paradigms of personality psychology…
a. can be combined to create One Big Theory
b. are in competition with each other to offer the best explanation of personality
c. are useful because one approach cannot sufficiently explain all of personality
d. are not useful because they are too limited.
c. are useful because one approach cannot sufficiently explain all of personality
What is a strength of personality psychology?
a. It uses pigeonholing
b. It treats all people as if they were the same
c. The basic approaches ignore areas they cannot explain
d. It is inclusive, interesting, and important
d. It is inclusive, interesting, and important
What is Funder’s first law?
Strengths and weaknesses are so connected hat one can’t usually exist without the other
Jeff suspects that his roommate’s sexist jokes may indicate that his roommate has some hidden, unconscious hostility toward women or that he feels very insecure around women. Jeff’s analysis suggests a ________ approach to personality.
a. trait
b. humanistic
c. behaviourist
d. phenomenological
e. psychoanalytic
e. psychoanalytic
One critique of personality psychology is that it “pigeonholes” people. What does pigeonholing someone mean?
a. categorizing and labeling people
b. psychoanalyzing people
c. statistically analyzing results
d. comparing human behaviour to the behaviour of other animals
e. prescribing medication
a. categorizing and labeling people
According to the text, personality’s greatest strength, understanding whole persons, is also its greatest weakness. Which term describes this fundamental observation?
a. Funder’s First Law
b. the personality tradeoff
c. One Big Theory
d. psychological triad
e. pigeonholing
a. Funder’s First Law
Which of the following MOST closely represents a focal topic of the trait approach to personality?
a. applying principles of behaviorism and social observation
b. understanding the mind in terms of biological mechanisms
c. understanding mental conflicts
d. measuring and conceptualizing individual differences
d. measuring and conceptualizing individual differences
Which part of the psychological triad corresponds to cognitions about the self?
a. thoughts
b. emotions
c. traits
d. behaviours
e. disorders
a. thoughts
