Chapter 1: The Study Of Life

Question 1

What is biology?

Answer 1

The study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environments.

Question 2

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 3

The cell

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The process by which living organisms obtain and use energy is called __________.

Answer 4

metabolism

Question 5

What is the process by which living organisms evolve and adapt to their environments?

Answer 5

Natural selection

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The genetic material of an organism is stored in its __________.

Answer 6

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

Question 7

True or False: All living organisms require oxygen to survive.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy?

Answer 8

Photosynthesis

Question 9

True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What is the term for the gradual change in a species over time?

Answer 10

Evolution

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The theory that all living organisms are composed of one or more cells is called the __________ theory.

Answer 11

cell

Question 12

True or False: Fungi are classified as plants.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The process by which living organisms reproduce and pass on their genetic information is called __________.

Answer 13

reproduction

Question 14

What is the term for the sum total of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism?

Answer 14

Metabolism

Question 15

True or False: All living organisms require water to survive.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment?

Answer 16

Homeostasis

Question 17

What is the term for the study of the structure and function of living organisms?

Answer 17

Anatomy and Physiology

Question 18

What is a basic unit of matter that cannot be broken down by normal chemical reactions

Answer 18

Atom

Question 19

The smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things

Answer 19

Cell

Question 20

A set of populations inhabiting a particular area

Answer 20

Community

Question 21

A form of logical thinking that uses a general statement to predict specific results

Answer 21

Deductive reasoning

Question 22

The process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new species of rising from older species

Answer 22

Evolution

Question 23

The ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions

Answer 23

Homeostasis

Question 24

A suggested explanation for an event which can be tested

Answer 24

Hypothesis

Question 25

Able to be disproven by experimental results

Answer 25

Falsifiable

Question 26

A form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion

Answer 26

Inductive reasoning

Question 27

A large molecule typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

Answer 27

Macromolecule

Question 28

A chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a chemical bond

Answer 28

Molecule

Question 29

A field of science, such as biology, that studies living things

Answer 29

Life science

Question 30

A field of science that studies the physical world, it's phenomena, and processes

Answer 30

Natural science

Question 31

A structure formed of tissues operating together to perform a common function

Answer 31

Organ

Question 32

A membrane-bound compartment or sac within a cell

Answer 32

Organelle

Question 33

An individual living entity

Answer 33

Organism

Question 34

A scientific report that is reviewed by scientists colleagues before publication

Answer 34

Peer-reviewed article

Question 35

A field of science, such as astronomy physics and chemistry, that studies non-living matter

Answer 35

Physical science

Question 36

All individuals within a species living within a specific area

Answer 36

Population

Question 37

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle

Answer 37

Prokaryote

Question 38

A thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomenon

Answer 38

Scientific theory

Question 39

A part of an experiment that can vary or change

Answer 39

Variable

Question 40

The common thread throughout scientific research is the use of

Answer 40

The scientific method

Question 41

Which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the most complex to the least complex level?

Answer 41

Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, macromolecule, molecule, atom.

Question 42

Stimulus and response go in opposite directions

Answer 42

Negative feedback

Question 43

Stimulus and response go in same direction until a specific outcome is achieved

Answer 43

Positive feedback

Question 44

12 levels of organization

Answer 44

Atom-molecule - macromolecule - cell - tissue - organ- organ system - organism - population - community - ecosystem - biosphere

Question 45

Cover body surfaces and line internal cavities

Answer 45

Epithelial Tissues (skin)

Question 46

Moves the body and its parts

Answer 46

Muscle (Heart/muscles)

Question 47

Detect stimuli and relay information

Answer 47

Nervous system (brain / nerves)

Question 48

Hold body parts together and provide structural support

Answer 48

Connective tissue (cartilage, blood, everything else)

Question 49

Properties that emerge at each level of organization

Answer 49

Emergent properties

Question 50

Scientific method chart

Answer 50

Observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, result

Question 51

A test to support or falsify a prediction based off hypothesis

Answer 51

Experiment

Question 52

Any factor that can be controlled changed or measured

Answer 52

Variable

Question 53

I control the variable/what I change in the experiment

Answer 53

Independent variable

Question 54

It will change, but it's not what I control. Dependent on independent variable

Answer 54

Dependent variable

Question 55

Control anything that will influence your results

Answer 55

Controlled variables

Question 56

Measurement of number of individual samples measured or observations recorded in experiment or survey

Answer 56

Sample size

Question 57

Produce more reliable results reducing risk of deviation

Answer 57

Large samples

Question 58

Thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena

Answer 58

Scientific theory

Question 59

There are how many new species discovered every day

Answer 59

50

Question 60

Who proposed evolution occurs by natural selection

Answer 60

Charles Darwin

Question 61

Offspring are clones and a rise from one parent and inherit that parents genes only

Answer 61

Asexual

Question 62

Offspring arise from two parents and inherit genes from both

Answer 62

Sexual

Question 63

Nuclear cell division which chromosomes are replicated creating two identical daughter cells, necessary for growth and repair

Answer 63

Mitosis

Question 64

Nuclear division that reduces chromone number by half to create four haploid cells, necessary for gamut production and reproduction of organism

Answer 64

Meiosis

Question 65

Compares genomes or amino acid sequence of proteins of different organisms (hemoglobin)

Answer 65

Genetic

Question 66

Compares similarities and differences in physical structures of different organisms

Answer 66

Physical

Question 67

Result of divergent evolution (bone structure)

Answer 67

Homologous structures

Question 68

Convergent evolution (not closely related, similar looking structure, different environments- ie., wings)

Answer 68

Analogous structures

Question 69

Is digestion positive or negative feedback

Answer 69

Positive

Question 70

Is blood sugar regulation positive or negative feedback

Answer 70

Negative feedback

Question 71

Are nerve impulses positive or negative feedback?

Answer 71

Positive feedback

Question 72

Is an apple orchard positive or negative feedback

Answer 72

Positive feedback

Question 73

What are the three domains of life

Answer 73

Bacteria, Archaea, Enkarya

Question 74

What are the nine properties of life?

Answer 74

Order, sensitivity/response, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, energy processing, evolution. "Orangutans Say Read And Get Real Heavenly Euphoric Eclairs."

Question 75

A hierarchy scale from small to large in atoms

Answer 75

Nucleus, neutrons, molecules

Question 76

Are viruses considered living?

Answer 76

No, because they are not made up of cells

Question 77

Cells combined to make this

Answer 77

Tissues

Question 78

Describe the octet rule

Answer 78

8 electrons/outer shell

Question 79

Electrons in outermost shell of an atom

Answer 79

Valance electrons

Question 80

Unevenly charged particle

Answer 80

Ion

Question 81

More protons than electrons/positive charge

Answer 81

Cation

Question 82

Fewer protons than electrons/negative charge

Answer 82

Anion

Question 83

Forms of an element that have equal number of protons and electrons but different in number of neutrons

Answer 83

Isotype