Chapter 1 The study of body functions

Question 1

cells

Answer 1

fundamental unit

Question 2

tissue

Answer 2

group of same cells

Question 3

organs

Answer 3

multiple tissues with common functions

Question 4

organ system

Answer 4

multiple organs

Question 5

organism

Answer 5

multiple organ system

Question 6

Homeostasis

Answer 6

state of relative constancy, constant exchange

Question 7

ICF

Answer 7

Intracellular fluid (liquid within the cell)

Question 8

ISF

Answer 8

intersitial fluid (liquid between the cells) is part of the extracellular fluid

Question 9

negative feedback

Answer 9

an increase or decrease in an variable cause a response to move the variable in the direction opposite of the original change

Question 10

dynamic constancy

Answer 10

levels change over short time, over long time constant

Question 11

order of neg. feedback

Answer 11

physiological variable (change) -> sensor recognizes change -> afferent pathway (carry to) -> integrating center (coordinates output) -> efferent pathway (carry away from) -> effector (give reverse change, body response)

Question 12

3 responses to a physiological change

Answer 12

endocrine (acts on distant target), paracrine (signal reaches neighboring cell), autocrine (signal affects same type of cells)

Question 13

primary tissue

Answer 13

Muscle (for contraction), Nervous (generating & conduction of electrical signals),
Epithelial (membranes covering body surface, organs, glands)
Connective (connects different cells, blood bone cartilage)