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Genetics > Chapter 1: The Study Of Biological Information > Flashcards

Chapter 1: The Study Of Biological Information Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DNA is a polymer of?

A

Nucleotide

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2
Q

A nucleotide is composed of a:

A

Phosphate group
Deoxyribose sugar
Nitrogenous base

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3
Q

G-C and A-T are connected by _________ bonds

A

Hydrogen bonds

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4
Q

What is a Base Pair?

A

Two nucleotides one on each strand of the DNA

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5
Q

What is a gene?

A

Regions of DNA that encodes proteins

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6
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

DNA and protein

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7
Q

What is a genome?

A

Total DNA content of a cell

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8
Q

The information stored in DNA is essentially 1 or 3 dimensional.

A

1 dimensional

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9
Q

What is it that RNA can do that DNA can’t?

A

RNA is unstable so other macromolecules evolved

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10
Q

What gene is required for eye development?

A

Pax 6

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11
Q

Regulatory networks affect what?

A

The location, timing, and level of expression of genes.

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12
Q

In nature, two winged flies evolved from four wing flies by converting wings to__________

A

Halteres

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13
Q

What are the advantages of genetic dissection of model organisms?

A

Inactivate a gene and observe the consequences

Make conclusions about functions of a gene product.

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14
Q

What are the advantages genomics

A

Determine the sequence of entire genomes.

Analyze all the genes of an organism at once

Identify differences between individuals

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15
Q

How long did the original genome take and how much money did it take to produce.

A

It took 10 years and produce 3 billion dollars to produce

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16
Q

What is a Exome?

A

Portion of the genome that encodes exons.
It is 1% of genome
It contains most disease gene mutations

17
Q

How can genetic information can be used to help people?

A

It can make predictions about future possibilities and risks.

It designs of therapeutic drugs to prevent or minimize symptoms of gene-based diseases

18
Q

How can genetic information can be used to restrict people’s lives?

A

Discrimination

Misinterpretation of information

19
Q

The genetic information Nondiscrimination Act was passed by who and when?

A

Federal government in 2008

20
Q

What is an important difference between genetic dissection and genomics?

A

Genomics can be used to analyze many genes at once.

21
Q

Protein is a polymer of _______ _______

A

Amino acids

22
Q

DNA is a polymer of ______________

A

Nucleotides

23
Q

DNA is composed of how many monomers?

A

4

24
Q

What is the primary function of DNA?

A

To store heritable information

25
Q

What is composed of 20 basic monomers?

A

Protein

Genetics (3 decks)

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