Chapter 1: The Study Of Biological Information Flashcards
DNA is a polymer of?
Nucleotide
A nucleotide is composed of a:
Phosphate group
Deoxyribose sugar
Nitrogenous base
G-C and A-T are connected by _________ bonds
Hydrogen bonds
What is a Base Pair?
Two nucleotides one on each strand of the DNA
What is a gene?
Regions of DNA that encodes proteins
What is a chromosome?
DNA and protein
What is a genome?
Total DNA content of a cell
The information stored in DNA is essentially 1 or 3 dimensional.
1 dimensional
What is it that RNA can do that DNA can’t?
RNA is unstable so other macromolecules evolved
What gene is required for eye development?
Pax 6
Regulatory networks affect what?
The location, timing, and level of expression of genes.
In nature, two winged flies evolved from four wing flies by converting wings to__________
Halteres
What are the advantages of genetic dissection of model organisms?
Inactivate a gene and observe the consequences
Make conclusions about functions of a gene product.
What are the advantages genomics
Determine the sequence of entire genomes.
Analyze all the genes of an organism at once
Identify differences between individuals
How long did the original genome take and how much money did it take to produce.
It took 10 years and produce 3 billion dollars to produce
What is a Exome?
Portion of the genome that encodes exons.
It is 1% of genome
It contains most disease gene mutations
How can genetic information can be used to help people?
It can make predictions about future possibilities and risks.
It designs of therapeutic drugs to prevent or minimize symptoms of gene-based diseases
How can genetic information can be used to restrict people’s lives?
Discrimination
Misinterpretation of information
The genetic information Nondiscrimination Act was passed by who and when?
Federal government in 2008
What is an important difference between genetic dissection and genomics?
Genomics can be used to analyze many genes at once.
Protein is a polymer of _______ _______
Amino acids
DNA is a polymer of ______________
Nucleotides
DNA is composed of how many monomers?
4
What is the primary function of DNA?
To store heritable information
