Chapter 1 - the Rise and Fall of Delinquency

Question 1

Very early legistlation in Ontario having to do with child welfare.

Answer 1

Act for the Prevention of Cruelty to and Better Protection of Children (The Children’s Charter) | 1893

Question 2

Remove something from its context.

Answer 2

Decontextualize

Question 3

The basic or vital statistics of a group, usually factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, and marital status.

Answer 3

Demographics

Question 4

Refers to the notion that youth, because of their legal dependency in Western society, are prevented from attaining the things that many adults take for granted, such as the right to make decisions about their own lives and the right to express their views.

Answer 4

Denied Adulthood

Question 5

How things are talked about and understood, both orally and in written form, including formal talk, such as theory; professional talk, such as reports, books, and media; and conversations.

Answer 5

Discourse

Question 6

Early Legistlation aimed at Young Offenders in Canada.

Answer 6

Juvenile Delinqents Act | 1908

Question 7

A concept popularized in the Victorian Era, referring to children and youth who were considered problematic for a variety of reasons.

Answer 7

Juvenile Delinquent

Question 8

System of laws, policies, and practices designed under the guilding philosophy that children and youth, because of their age and maturity, should not be subject to criminal law in the same manner as adults.

Answer 8

Juvenile Justice System

Question 9

A condition in which people are excluded from mainstream society. This exclusion can be economic, social, cultural, political, or all four.

Answer 9

Marginalized

Question 10

Refers to situations where people, groups, circumstances, or events are defined and perceived to be a threat to security and public order.

Answer 10

Moral Panic

Question 11

Offender and offence data based on information collected for administrative purposes by justice agencies, such as the police, courts, and correctional institutions.

Answer 11

Official Crime

Question 12

A situation where politicians propose or develop criminal justice policy that reflects public sentiment, as presented through the media, rather than actual criminal activity or policy effectiveness.

Answer 12

Penal Populism

Question 13

A 19th-century term for prisons based on a philosophy of penitence and punishment to atone for wrongs.

Answer 13

Penitentiary

Question 14

The ways in which youth crime is understood and talked about, both formally and informally, and the actions, laws, and policies that derive from this discourse.

Answer 14

Politics of Youth Crime

Question 15

Distinct period in Canadian history in which youthful offenders were separated from adults in an attempt to prevent them from developing a criminal lifestyle that could last a lifetime.

Answer 15

Post-Victorian Period

Question 16

Distinct period in Canadian history in which children and youth were treated the same as adults.

Answer 16

Pre-Confederation Period

Question 17

Research information gathered directly from the original source.

Answer 17

Primary Data

Question 18

Process by which something, someone, or some group is defined as a problem.

Answer 18

Problematize

Question 19

Matters of public concern that are debated in a variety of forums and usually involved demands for action.

Answer 19

Public Issues

Question 20

A 19th-century term for juvenile prisons that were based on the belief in the ability of prisons to reform or change an individual.

Answer 20

Reformatories

Question 21

A belief that the right treatment can change a person’s attitudes, values, and/or behaviour.

Answer 21

Rehabilitative Philosophy

Question 22

Research information or data that was originally collected for another purpose.

Answer 22

Secondary Data

Question 23

How something is ordered and organized, how it’s parts relate and connect to each other and to the whole.

Answer 23

Structural

Question 24

Distinct period in Canadian history in which behaviour and well-being of children and youth became a subject of concern.

Answer 24

Victorian Period

Question 25

The rate of violent youth crime had remained relatively stable since _____ and began decreasing in _____. By _____ it had decreased by _____%.

Answer 25

1992

2002

2012

14%

Question 26

Enacted in April 2003.

Answer 26

Youth Criminal Justice Act

Question 27

On ___ ___, ____, conservatives revised the ___ ___ ___ ___.

Answer 27

October 23, 2012 | Youth Criminal Justice Act

Question 28

Enacted April 2, 1984.

Answer 28

Young Offenders Act