Chapter 1 The Nature of Scientific Knowledge Flashcards
Draw the Cycle of Scientific Enterprise.
Define Theory.
A theory is a model (or representation) that seeks to account for and explain the related facts and provide the means for producing new hypotheses.
Define Hypothesis.
A hypothesis is a testable informed prediction based on a theory.
Define Scientific Fact.
A scientific fact is a proposition supported by a great deal of evidence that is correct so far as we know.
Describe how we obtain knowledge of scientific facts?
Scientific facts are discovered by observation and experiment.
Describe the “cycle of scientific enterprise.”
Facts are observations and the results of experiments.
Theories are our best explanation at the present of the facts.
Hypotheses are informed predictions based on theories.
Experiments put hypotheses to the test.
Analysis of the experiments determine if the results are consistent with the theory.
If yes, the theory is strengthened.
If no, reconsider experimental methods, appropriateness of hypothesis, and adequacy of theory.
State the steps of “the scientific method.”
- State the problem.
- Research the problem.
- Form a hypothesis.
- Conduct an experiment.
- Collect data.
- Analyze data.
- Form a conclusion.
- Repeat the work.
Describe the possible implications of a negative experimental result.
If the hypothesis in not confirmed, researchers will question experimental methods, the appropriateness of the hypothesis, and adequacy of the theory.
