Chapter 1: The Discipline of Psychology

Question 1

7 main hubs

Answer 1

• social sciences
• math
• medicine
• earth sciences
• chemistry
• physics
• psychology

Question 2

psychology is a combination of these two words

Answer 2

• psyche(soul)
• logos(the objective study of)

Question 3

two major roots of psychology

Answer 3

philosophy and natural sciences

Question 4

the first experimental psychologist

Answer 4

wilhelm wundt

Question 5

william james

Answer 5

• coined the term “stream of consciousness”
• functionalism
• “principles of psychology” dominated the field for 50 years

Question 6

max wertheimer

Answer 6

• gestalt psychology founder
• focused on the “whole” of behaviour

Question 7

biological psychology

Answer 7

• focused on physical and chemical changes that cause behavior and mental processes

Question 8

structuralism

Answer 8

• the school of thought concerned with analyzing sensations and personal experiences into basic elements
• William wundt

Question 9

carl rogers

Answer 9

• developed client-centered therapy

Question 10

hermann von helmholtz

Answer 10

• his work on the speed of nerve signaling supported that the mind had a physical basis

Question 11

individual differences

Answer 11

• an approach to psych that investigates variations in behavior from one person to the next
• personality

Question 12

functionalism

Answer 12

the school of psychology that focuses on the adaptive functions of behaviour

Question 13

gestalt psychology

Answer 13

a school of psychology emphasizing the study of thinking, learning, and perception in whole units(not by analysis into parts)

Question 14

sigmund freud

Answer 14

• developed psychodynamic theory and its applications to treat psychological disorders
• founded the study of personality

Question 15

clinical psychology

Answer 15

the psychological perspective that seeks to explain, define, and treat abnormal behaviors

Question 16

cognitive psychology

Answer 16

the study of information processing, thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving

Question 17

urlic neisser

Answer 17

• coined the term cognition in 1967

Question 18

culture

Answer 18

the practices, values, and goals shared by groups of people

Question 19

evolutionary psychology

Answer 19

approach that emphasizes inherited, adaptive behaviour of mental processes

Question 20

john locke

Answer 20

philosopher that believed the mind was a blank slate at birth

Question 21

introspection

Answer 21

personal observation of your own thoughts, feelings, and behaviour

Question 22

behaviorism

Answer 22

a school of thought in psychology that emphasizes the study of observable behavior over the study of the mind

Question 23

structuralism

Answer 23

the mind constructs an overall perception out of building blocks made up of separate sensations

Question 24

functionalism

Answer 24

• viewed behaviour as purposeful because it led to survival
• William james