Chapter 1 Test

Question 1

When and why were the Olympics held?

Answer 1

The Olympics were held every 4 years to honor Zeus.

Example sentence: The ancient Greeks believed that the Olympics were a way to honor the god Zeus.

Question 2

What did the Spartans use as currency?

Answer 2

Iron Bars

Example sentence: Spartans used iron bars as currency instead of coins.

Question 3

What does it mean when a period in time is referred to as “golden”? (like the Golden Age of Athens)

Answer 3

To the full extent of greatness.

Example sentence: The Golden Age of Athens was a period of great cultural achievements.

Question 4

Who ruled Athens during the Golden Age of Athens?

Answer 4

Pericles.

Question 5

How did the Spartans defend their city-state?

Answer 5

Sparta did not have walls to defend their city-state. Instead they had a powerful army.

Question 6

What is an acropolis?

Answer 6

A fortified hilltop with a temple to the local deity (Located in the center of the city)

Question 7

What two groups fought in the Trojan war and why were they fighting?

Answer 7

Mycenae and Troy fought the Trojan war over a woman named Helen.

Question 8

Know all of the things that Hippocrates promoted.

Answer 8

Believed that diseases had natural causes - urged fellow doctors to record observations in patience and advocated proper hygene, a sound diet, and plenty of rest. Founder of the Hippocraic oath.

Example sentence: Hippocrates is often referred to as the father of medicine.

Question 9

Know all of the things that Pythagoras promoted.

Answer 9

Wrote the Pythagorean Theorem. Believed the earth was round and rotated around a fixed point.

Question 10

Know all of the things that Plato promoted

Answer 10

Opened a school called the Academy and promoted his philosophy. wrote his book The Republic and promoted the ideal society and government. Needs of state overrule needs of individual. Too much freedom leads to social disorder and the poor should not be trusted. Plato rejected the senses for logical thought and reasoning to search for truth. The five senses can be fooled.

Question 11

Know all of the things that Aristotle promoted

Answer 11

Opened his own school called the Lyceum where he taught the golden mean
● Golden Mean – an ethical principle that affirmed living moderately and avoiding extremes in one’s actions
● He developed the syllogism as a means of presenting an argument
● Syllogism – one can determine whether or not the conclusion of an
argument follows logically from the basic statements
● Aristotle played a role in the development of physics stating that change basically consist of the same matter taking on new form
● He also observed facts and classified them according to similarities and differences
● Aristotle was one of the many who wrongly believed that Earth was the center of our solar system
● In his book Politics, Aristotle believed that the ideal form of government was a balance between monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy
● He believed that the power rest in the middle class because they knew both how to command and obey

Question 12

Know all of the achievements of Alexander the Great.

Answer 12

● Alexander took over a united Greece at the age of 20
● He was a military leader from the age of 16 and was well respected for his
courage and military skills
● In three years Alexander and his men were able to defeat the Persian Empire
● After defeating Persia, Alexander continued to expand his empire and name numerous city after himself called Alexandria
● His goal was to unite all of Europe and Asia into one kingdom but he fell short of this when he contracted malaria at the age of 33 and died
● Alexander’s empire was divided into domains between his three greatest generals
1. 2. 3.
– the Egypt area
– the area of Syria
– the Macedonian and Greek area – individual territories
Ptolemy
Seleucus
Antigonus
●
● Each of theses territories were slowly reduced and conquered
Domains
13

● The Romans eventually incorporated all of this land into the Roman Empire

Question 13

What idea did Democritus promote?

Answer 13

came up with the idea of an indivisible and invisible particle of matter called the atom

Question 14

Who concluded that the sun was larger than the Earth and that the Earth revolved around the sun?

Answer 14

Aristarchus

Question 15

Which historian did not accept the Greek God’s role in human history?

Answer 15

Thucydides

Question 16

What book and mathematics did Euclid create?

Answer 16

Geometry

Question 17

What did Eratosthenes do?

Answer 17

He estimated the earth’s circumference within 1% of its actual size.

Question 18

What did Thales believe?

Answer 18

formulated the theory that water was the basic substance in which everything in the world is made

Question 19

Which philosophy said that one should seek pleasure and avoid pain?

Answer 19

Epicureanism

Question 20

Define acropolis.

Answer 20

fortified hilltop with a temple to the local deity

Question 21

What was the earliest form of Greek plays?

Answer 21

Tragedy

Question 22

How does the Socratic Method work?

Answer 22

students would be asked pointed questions and through logical argument the students would be forced to defend their answers

Question 23

Why was Draco’s law code considered an improvement to Athenian law?

Answer 23

Because the aristocrats could not change the law to their liking since they were written down for all to read.

Question 24

What is Hellenism?

Answer 24

The blending of Greek culture with other cultures

Question 25

How did one become a Spartan citizen?

Answer 25

???.??

Question 26

Who ran 26.2 miles from the Battle of Marathon to Athens?

Answer 26

Phidippedes

Question 27

Who is considered the greatest comedic playwright in Ancient Greece?

Answer 27

Aristophanes

Question 28

Which philosophy said that people should seek virtues and scorn luxuries?

Answer 28

Cynicism

Question 29

Which two city-states fought in the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 29

The Spartans and the Athens

Question 30

Define rhetoric.

Answer 30

The art of public speaking

Question 31

Which Greek city-state sacrificed their 300 warriors at the battle of Thermopylae?

Answer 31

The Spartans

Question 32

How were the Persians able to defeat the Greeks at the Battle of Thermopylae?

Answer 32

A Greek citizen betrayed them and showed the Persians a pathway to be able to surround the Greeks and attack them from behind.

Question 33

Why didn’t the Greek city-states like Spartan rule after the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 33

The other Greek city states were unhappy with the way that they ruled and the poor administration led to them being overthrown by the Macedonians.

Question 34

Where did the citizens of the early Greek city-states gather to see plays?

Answer 34

amphitheaters

Question 35

What is the name of the Greek goddess of love?

Answer 35

Aphrodite

No additional information.

Question 36

Where did the citizens of the early Greek city-states gather to see plays?

Answer 36

Amphitheaters

No additional information.

Question 37

Where was it believed that the 12 main Greek gods lived?

Answer 37

The top of Mount Olympus

No additional information.

Question 38

Which two early civilizations influenced Greek culture and society?

Answer 38

The Minoans and the Mycenians

No additional information.

Question 39

Who was the king that conquered the Greek civilization because he admired their culture?

Answer 39

King Philip II

No additional information.

Question 40

Who took over Alexander the Great’s empire after he died?

Answer 40

He divided it into three parts and gave one to Ptolemy, one to Seleucus, and one to Antigonus

No additional information.