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BMS 250 > Chapter 1: Sections 1.1, 1.2, 1.3: The Science of Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Sections 1.1, 1.2, 1.3: The Science of Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the science of anatomy

A

Anatomy studies the form and structure of the body

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2
Q

Describe the science of physiology

A

Physiology examines how the body functions

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3
Q

List the subdivisions in microscopic anatomy

A

Cytology and histology

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4
Q

What is cytology?

A

The study of cells and their internal structure

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5
Q

What is histology?

A

The study of tissues

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6
Q

List the subdivisions in gross anatomy

A 
Systemic anatomy 
Regional anatomy
Surface anatomy
Comparative anatomy
Embryology
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7
Q

What is systemic anatomy?

A

Studies the anatomy of each functional body system

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8
Q

What is regional anatomy?

A

Examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body

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9
Q

What is surface anatomy?

A

Focuses on superficial anatomic markings and the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them

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10
Q

What is comparative anatomy?

A

Examines similarities and differences in anatomy of different species

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11
Q

What is embryology?

A

Studies developmental changes from conception to birth

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12
Q

List the subdivisions of physiology

A 
Cardiovascular physiology 
Neurophysiology
Respiratory physiology
Reproductive physiology
Pathophysiology
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13
Q

Explain how the studies of form and function are interrelated

A

Structure and function are inseparable. Together, they provide the basis of understanding health and human performance.

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14
Q

List characteristics common to al living things

A 
Exhibit organization
Engage in metabolism (anabolism/catabolism)
All grow and develop
Exhibit responsiveness
Exhibit regulation
All reproduce
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15
Q

Body levels of organization from simplest to most complex

A 
Chemical Level
Cellular Level
Tissue Level
Organ Level
Organ System Level
Organismal Level
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16
Q

Chemical level includes…

A

Atoms
Molecules
Macromolecules
Organelles

17
Q

Cellular level includes…

A

The smallest living structures. A cell

18
Q

Tissue level includes…

A

Tissues, groups of similar cells performing a common function

19
Q

What are the four types of tissues?

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

20
Q

Function of epithelial tissue

A

Covers exposed surfaces and lines body cavities

21
Q

Function of connective tissue

A

Protects, supports, and binds structures and organs

22
Q

Function of muscle tissue

A

Produces movement

23
Q

Function of nervous tissue

A

Conducts nerve impulses

24
Q

Organ Level includes…

A

Organs, two or more tissue types performing a specific function. i.e: The small intestine is compose of all four tissue types, working to process and absorb digested nutrients.

25
Q

Organ system level includes…

A

Related organs that work together to achieve a common function. i.e: Digestive system work together to digest food, absorb nutrients, and expel waste products.

26
Q

Organismal level includes…

A

All body functions are working interdependently in an organism, the living being

27
Q

Name all eleven organ systems

A 
Integumentary System 
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Nervous system
Endocrine system
Cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system
Respiratory system
Urinary system
Digestive system
Reproductive system
28
Q

Function of Integumentary system

A

Provides protection, regulated body temperature, houses cutaneous receptors, synthesizes vitamin D, and prevent water loss.

29
Q

Function of Skeletal system

A

Provides support and protection, is the sire of blood cell production, and stores calcium and phosphorus.

30
Q

Function of Muscular system

A

Produces body movement and generates heat

31
Q

Function of Nervous system

A

Controls body movement, responds to sensory stimuli, and is responsible for consciousness, intelligence, and memory.

32
Q

Function of Endocrine system

A

Secretes hormones, which perform a variety of funtions

33
Q

Function of Cardiovascular system

A

Moves blood through blood vessels to distribute nutrients, gases, hormones, and pick up waste products

34
Q

Function of Lymphatic system

A

Transports and filters lymph and participates in immune response

35
Q

Function of Respiratory system

A

Is responsible for exchange of gases between blood and the air

36
Q

Function of Urinary system

A

Filters blood, removes waste products, and expels urine

37
Q

Function of Digestive system

A

Digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products

38
Q

Function of Reproductive system (Male)

A

Produces male sex cells and hormones and transfers sperm to the female

39
Q

Function of Reproductive system (Female)

A

Produces female sex cells and hormones and is the site of fertilization and growth of the embryo and fetus

BMS 250 (7 decks)

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