CHAPTER 1 ( SCIENCE ) : Animal and Plant cells / Specialised cells / Level of organisation within organisms

Question 1

Level of organisation…

Answer 1

1. Cells
2. Tissues
3. Organs
4. Organ system
5. Organisms

Question 2

Cells —>

Tissues –>

Organs –>

Organ systems –>

Organisms –>

Answer 2

Smallest unit of living things

A group of many similar cells that work together to perform a specific function

Group of tissues that work together with related function

An organ system is a group of organs with related functions, working together to perform body functions.

Highest level of organisation and has a cellular structure.

Question 3

__________ are the MOST specialised.

Answer 3

Organisms

Question 4

__________ are the LEAST specialised

Answer 4

Cells

Question 5

4 types of tissues…

Answer 5

Nerve tissue
Muscular tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue

Question 6

3 organs found in the digestive system…

Answer 6

Small intestines
Large intestines
Stomach

Question 7

6 organ systems…

Answer 7

respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, excretory system, muscular system, nervous system

Question 8

What functions do red blood cells have? Where can you find it?

Answer 8

*Carries oxygen around the
body

*It does not contain a
nucleus

*Cytoplasm contains red
pigment called
haemoglobin

I can find red blood cells in animals and humans.

Question 9

What shape does red blood cells have?

Answer 9

*Has a biconcave disc shape

*Very small, so they can
squeeze through even the
tiniest blood vessels

Question 10

What functions neurons (nerve cells) have? Where can you find it?

Answer 10

*They transfer messages
from one part of the body to
another

*There are electrical signals
flow quickly along the
strand

I can find it in human’s brain and spinal cord.

Question 11

What adaptations do neurons (nerve cells) have?

Answer 11

• thin, can be more than 1 metre long
• can carry messages up and down the body over large distances
• short and long strands of cytoplasm branched at each end, which is joined to other nerve cells to pass electrical signals around the body

Question 12

What are the functions of Ciliated cells? Where can you find it?

Answer 12

sweep mucus, trap dust and bacteria up to the back of the throat, where it can be swallowed

I can find it in our throat and nose.

Question 13

What are the adaptations of Ciliated cells?

Answer 13

Cells that contain cilia, which are tiny hair-like structure on the surface of the cell

Question 14

What are the functions of Root hair cells? Where can I find it?

Answer 14

*Found in roots of plants

*Grow from the surface layer
of a root

*They absorb water from the
soil very well

I can find it in roots of the plant.

Question 15

What are the adaptations of Root hair cells?

Answer 15

*Root hair cells have a long, thin extension that allows for the movement of water from soil into the cell

*Unlike other plant cells,
root hair cells do not
contain chloroplast

Question 16

What are Palisade cells (leave cells)? Where can you find it?

Answer 16

*Palisade cells are plant cells

*Located on the surface of
leaves

*Site where photosynthesis
occurs

Question 17

What are the adaptations of Palisade cells (leave cells)?

Answer 17

contains a lot of Chloroplast

Question 18

Why root hair cells do not contain any chloroplast?

Answer 18

root hair cells do not have access to sunlight

Question 19

Cells that are specialised _____ that enable them to perform specific functions.

Answer 19

contain adaptations

Question 20

Chloroplast is usually found in abundance inside a ______

Answer 20

Palisade cell

Question 21

Animal cells contains?

Answer 21

Cell membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Mitochondria

Question 22

ANIMAL CELLS
Nucleus -->
Mitochondria -->
Cytoplasm -->
Cell membrane -->

Answer 22

Controls all activities of the cells
Creates energy for the cell
It is a site where chemical reactions take place
Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 23

Plant cells contains?

Answer 23

Chloroplast, Nucleus, Large vacuole, Cytoplasm, Cell wall, Cell Membrane

Question 24

PLANT CELLS
Nucleus -->
Cell wall -->
Cytoplasm -->
Cell membrane -->
Large vacuole -->
Chloroplast -->

Answer 24

Controls all activities of the cells
Holds the cell in shape
It is a site where chemical reactions take place
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
Stores sugary solution called “cell sap”
Where plants make their food

Question 25

What organelle supports and surrounds plant cells?

Answer 25

Cell Wall

Question 26

What is an organelle?

Answer 26

organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform IN THE CELL

Question 27

What is a cellulose?

Answer 27

cellulose is a molecule, consisting of hundreds and sometimes even thousands of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Cellulose is the main substance in the walls of plant cells, helping plants to remain stiff and upright.

Question 28

Plant cells have a ____ shape

Answer 28

definite/regular

Question 29

Animal cells does not have a _____ shape

Answer 29

indefinite/irregular