Chapter 1 - Science

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

Study of life; “a science that deals with things that are alive”

Question 2

Scientific Inquiry

Answer 2

Has four parts: observation, hypothesis, test, conclusion.

Question 3

Hypothesis

Answer 3

• Why is this happening?
• needs to be testable
• needs to be falsifiable (can it be proven wrong)

Hypothesis:
Ex. Concentration may affect enzyme activity rate because more reactions should take place when more enzymes are present.

Question 4

What is a controlled experiment?

Answer 4

The effect of a single variable is isolated and measured.

Fertilizer Ex. Grow 2 seedlings under same conditions. One seedling will receive fertilizer and the other will not. The plant that received fertilizer is the experimental group or treated group, while the plant that did not receive the fertilizer would be the control group.

Question 5

What is the independent variable?

Answer 5

The effect of the variable being tested.

Question 6

What is the dependent variable?

Answer 6

The variable we are measuring to observe the effect.

Question 7

Inductive Reasoning

Answer 7

A type of logic that Collects and analyzes observations that lead to important conclusions.

Ex. “The sun always rises from the east.”
“All organisms are made up of cells”

Question 8

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 8

• A logic that flows from general to specific.
• Usually in the form of predictions of results that’s found if a particular hypothesis is correct.
• In the form of “If… then…” statements.

Ex. If the dead-battery hypothesis is correct, then the flashlight should work if you replace the batteries with new ones.

Question 9

What is a scientific theory?

Answer 9

• Thousands of hypothesis that have been tested, grouped into one theory.
• cannot become a law because it cannot be tested true.