Chapter 1: Roots of Psychobiology and Building a Biopsychosocial Perspective Flashcards
What is the idea that all human behavior is innate, determined by genes, brain size, or other biological attributes?
Biological determinism
Many psychiatrists lean toward ____ ____ and ____ approaches to treatment.
biological determinism
pharmaceutical
The philosophical foundation of biological determinism can be conceptualized in a more general sense by the term ____ .
reductionism
Psychology is the study of ____
behavior
Within a given species, there is ____ . This means that each organism is unique in its ____ .
diversity
traits
What is the proportion of genes represented in subsequent generations?
Fitness
What traits determined by the organism’s genotype as it interacts with its environment?
phenotypic
What is an individual’s unique genetic consitution?
genotype
The Phenotype consists of ____ traits as well as ____ and ____ traits.
physical
mental
behavioral
DNA consists of ____ complementary ____ of a ____ backbone connected by ____ ____ and organized into a ____ ____ .
two strands nucleotide base pairs double helix
G ____
C ____
A ____
T ____
Guanine
Cytosine
Adenine
Thymine
____ and ____ DNA compromises the cell’s ____ .
twisted
folded
chromosomes
Every cell in the body has the individual’s genetic complement found in the ____ (except for ____, which are ____ and are sex chromosomes).
nucleus
gametes
haploid
Do mitochondria contain DNA? If so, what?
Yes. Maternal lineage
DNA ____ for ____.
codes
traits
What are proteins that regulate the majority of biochemical reactions in the body by acting as rate-limiting catalysts for chemical reactions?
Enzymes
A ____ is a particular sequence of DNA that codes for a particular protein .
gene
The unique sequence of base pairs found in one’s DNA is expressed as ____ ____ .
phenotypic traits
The process where DNA forms the template for the creation of RNA is what?
transcription
What process entails separation of the two strands of the DNA double helix?
Transcription
The one strand of the DNA is used to replicate a new complementary strand assembling an ____ molecule, but a different set of ____ is used.
RNA
bases
This single-stranded ____ molecule “of ____ “ means that it rather than ____ is used to create ____ .
RNA
action
DNA
proteins
The RNA (or mRNA) is read by an intracellular organelle the ____ through the process of ____ .
ribosome
translation
The ribosome runs down the RNA like a zipper making notes of ____ of ____ .
triplets of bases
Each triplet codes for a specific ____ ____ , which is grabbed from the cell’s ____ and attached to other ____ ____ .
amino acids
cytoplasm
amino acids
As the ribosome proceeds down the mRNA, the amino acid sequence gives rise to the assembly of specific ____ .
proteins
Proteins consists of ____ molecules.
structural
Proteins also are of a ____ type in the form of ____ .
regulatory
enzymes
The psychobiological perspective is one that is ____ , ____ , and ____ in its theoretical perspectives and ____ .
holistic
integrative
synthetic
methodology
