Chapter 1 & Review from summer class Chapter 8 OSPF. Flashcards
when looking at a diagram of a network and you see a solid black line what doe it mean?
uses Ethernet technology for connection, could be fiber optic or could be copper.
OSPF?
Open Shortest Path First
Classless routing protocol?
DOES send the subnet mask with each update. {OSPF, EIGRP, IS-IS}
Class-full routing protocol?
does NOT send subnet mask info. {IGRP, etc.}
what are the 3 databases that OSPF creates?
1- Adjacency database: neighbor table
2- link-state database: topology table
3- forwarding database : routing table
*list of neighboring routers and kept in RAM.
Area 0 in an OSPF network? what is this also called?
also called the Backbone area. single area OSPF. the area is a group of routers that hold the same link state info.
single area OSPF?
all routers are in one area called the back bone area (area 0)
multi-area OSPF?
2 layer hierarchy where each layer connects to the back bone area (area 0). useful in large networks. interconnecting routers are called the area border routers.
what is the benefit of using multi-area OSPF over single area OSPF in a large network?
multi-area OSPF allows each ‘area’ to update their routing tables as changes are made within that particular areas topology. so if a router is added then only that area must use the cpu intensive algorith to map the change and once this change is mapped then the border router will push his new change out to all other routers through the area 0 connection. this reduces the cpu usage across the entire network.
what is OSPF?
basically OSPF (open shortest path first) is a setting on a classless router (sends the subnet mask info) that discovers all the connecting routers and communicates with them about what routers are connected to it.
PSTN?
Plain Simple Telephone Network (not dial up)
WAN?
Wide area Network: connectivity within own network (owned by a company)
Internet edge?
where you make connectivity to your internet provider
Ether-Channel? what is this and what is the purpose?
2 cables connected from a switch to a router. used as back up if one fails and also doubles bandwidth.
**note can config both at the same time.
what does the following command do on a layer 3 switch? #no switchport
command configures the interface on the switch to act like a router by: allowing static routes to be configured. (can’t do dynamic routes)
what is the Hierarchical design model?
core, distribution and access layer.
core: high speed backbone layer between networks
distribution: forwards traffic from one local network to another.
what is a collapsed core network?
the distribution and core layer are one and the access layer is another.
failure domain?
the area of a network that is impacted if a network device fails.
STP?
Spanning Tree Protocol: turns off redundant (back-up) paths and only uses this path if the path is needed or if another one fails.
What is EtherChannel?
a second Ethernet connection between devices used for redundancy but also increases bandwidth.
what is (EIGRP) ?
enhanced interior gateway routing protocol: routing protocol made by cisco to offer advanced features. (distance vector behaviors).
port density?
number of ports per switch
forwarding rates.. what is his?
processing capabilities of a switch. how much data the switch can process per second
wire-speed?
Wire speed is the data rate that each Ethernet port on the switch is capable of attaining. Data rates can be 100 Mb/s, 1 Gb/s, 10 Gb/s, or 100 Gb/s.
ASICs
application-specific integrated circuits : streamline the forwarding of IP packets independent of the CPU
what is in-band (when talking about device management?)
accessing a device using a network connection to make changes. use telnet (not recommended), SSH or HTML
what is (out-of-band) when talking about managing a device.?
using the auxiliary port or console port along with emulation software to make configurations. used when there is no network connection or when 1st setting up the device.
classless?
routing protocol sends the subnet mask with its updates.
single are ospf?
all routers are connected within the same area/ heiarchy.
multi area ospf
several ospf areas seporated and connected via a single area. reduces cpu usage on each device. and isolates usuage.
classful routing protocols
do not send subnet mask info.
describe Campus LAN Switches
These switch platforms vary from fanless switches with eight fixed ports to 13-blade switches supporting hundreds of ports. Campus LAN switch platforms include the Cisco 2960, 3560, 3750, 3850, 4500, 6500, and 6800 Series.
describe Cloud-Managed Switches
virtual stacking of switches. They monitor and configure thousands of switch ports over the web, without the intervention of onsite IT staff.
describe Data Center Switches
promote infrastructure scalability, operational continuity, and transport flexibility
describe Service Provider Switches
two categories: aggregation switches and Ethernet access switches. Aggregation switches are carrier-grade Ethernet switches that aggregate traffic at the edge of a network. Service provider Ethernet access switches feature application intelligence, unified services, virtualization, integrated security, and simplified management.
describe Virtual Networking
provide secure multi-tenant services by adding virtualization intelligence technology to the data center network
