Chapter 1: Psychological Testing and Assessment Flashcards
The use of testing to denote everything from test administration to test interpretation can be found in postwar textbooks as well as in various test-related writings for decades thereafter. However, by _____ a semantic distinction between testing and a more inclusive term, assessment, began to emerge.
World War II
A _____ is a measurement device or technique used to quantify behavior or aid in the understanding and prediction of behavior
test
We define _____ as the gathering and integration of psychology - related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation that is accomplished through the use of tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specially designed apparatuses and measurement procedures.
Gathering and integration. Not just test. Meron ding ibang minemeasure. May goal. Like BMI, overweight kaba, normal, etc. Kain ka madami, pa checkup ka ganyan. Recruitment din. To answer.
psychological assessment
We define _____ as the process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior.
Different goal, same method with the other one.
Education. Testing the psychological factors, abstract. Goal is to measure lang or to test. All about measurement. To ask a question.
psychological testing
In general, the _____ begins with a referral for assessment from a source such as a teacher, a school psychologist, a counselor, a judge, a clinician, or a corporate human resources specialist.
process of assessment
Some examples of _____ questions are: “Can this child function in a regular classroom?”; “Is this defendant competent to stand trial?”; and “How well can this employee be expected to perform if promoted to an executive position?”
referral
The process of assessment:
- The assessor prepares for the assessment by _____ of assessment to be used. For example, if the assessment is in a corporate or military setting and the referral question concerns the assessee’s leadership ability, the assessor may wish to employ a measure (or two) of leadership.
selecting the tools
The process of assessment:
- Subsequent to the selection of the instruments or procedures to be employed, the _____ will begin. After the assessment, the assessor writes a report of the findings that is designed to answer the referral question.
formal assessment
An _____ is a specific stimulus to which a person responds overtly; this response can be scored or evaluated (for example, classified, graded on a scale, or counted)
item
A _____ test or educational test is a set of items that are designed to measure characteristics of human beings that pertain to behavior.
psychological
_____ tests contain items that can be scored in terms of speed, accuracy, or both.
Ability
_____ refers to previous learning. A test that measures or evaluates how many words you can spell correctly is called a spelling achievement test.
Achievement
_____, by contrast, refers to the potential for learning or acquiring a specific skill.
Aptitude
Traditionally distinguished from achievement and aptitude, _____ refers to a person’s general potential to solve problems, adapt to changing circumstances, think abstractly, and profit from experience.
intelligence
For example, in one approach to assessment, referred to (logically enough) as _____ psychological assessment, the assessor and assessee may work as “partners” from initial contact through final feedback.
collaborative
Another approach to assessment that seems to have picked up momentum in recent years, most notably in educational settings, is referred to as _____ assessment. While the term dynamic may at first glance suggest to some a psychodynamic or psychoanalytic approach to assessment, as used in this context it refers to the interactive, changing, or varying nature of the assessment.
dynamic
The Tools of Psychological Assessment (7)
1) The Test
2) The Interview
3) The Portfolio
4) Case History Data
5) Behavioral Observation
6) Role-Play Tests
7) Computers as Tools
1) The Test
2) The Interview
3) The Portfolio
4) Case History Data
5) Behavioral Observation
6) Role-Play Tests
7) Computers as Tools
The Tools of Psychological Assessment (7)
The Tools of Psychological Assessment: A _____ may be defined simply as a measuring device or procedure. When the word test is prefaced with a modifier, it refers to a device or procedure designed to measure a variable related to that modifier.
test
The Tools of Psychological Assessment: If the _____ is conducted face-to-face, then the interviewer is probably taking note of not only the content of what is said but also the way it is being said. More specifically, the interviewer is taking note of both verbal and nonverbal behavior. The interviewer may also take note of the way that the
interviewee is dressed.
In its broadest sense, then, we can define an _____ as a method of gathering information through direct communication involving reciprocal exchange.
interview
The Tools of Psychological Assessment: Students and professionals in many different fields of endeavor ranging from art to architecture keep files of their work products. These work products—whether retained on paper, canvas, film, video, audio, or some other medium—constitute what is called a _____.
portfolio
The Tools of Psychological Assessment: _____ refers to records, transcripts, and other accounts in written, pictorial, or other form that preserve archival information, official and informal accounts, and other data and items relevant to an assessee.
Case history data
The Tools of Psychological Assessment: _____, as it is employed by assessment professionals, may be defined as monitoring the actions of others or oneself by visual or electronic means while recording quantitative and/or qualitative information regarding the actions.
Behavioral observation
Sometimes researchers venture outside of the confines of clinics, classrooms, workplaces, and research laboratories in order to observe behavior of humans in a natural setting—that is, the setting in which the behavior would typically be expected to occur. This variety of behavioral observation is referred to as _____.
naturalistic observation