Chapter 1 - Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

It is a process where plants manufacture carbohydrate from raw materials using energy from light

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2
Q

What are the requirements of photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, chlorophyll

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3
Q

What is biomass?

A

material that is composed of living cells and tissues

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4
Q

List all 6 structures outside the leaf.

A

tip, midrib, margin, lamina, vein, petiole

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5
Q

How does the adaptation “thin and broad” of the leaf help the plant to carry out photosynthesis?

A

It is thin but broad so that it has a larger surface area to allow more sunlight to reach the leaf cells.

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6
Q

How does the waxy cuticle help?

A

It prevents the leaf from drying up.

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7
Q

What is the function of the epidermis?

A

It protects the cells inside the leaf.

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8
Q

What is the difference between the palisade layer and the spongy layer?

A

palisade layer - cells to most of the photosynthesis

spongy layer - has a lot of air spaces and the cells do only a small amount of photosynthesis

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9
Q

What do the veins in the leaf do?

A

It carries water to the cells in the leaf.

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10
Q

What is a stoma?

A

a tiny hole in the lower epidermis that lets carbon dioxide get into the leaf

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11
Q

What is a guard cell?

A

can change shape to open and close the stoma to prevent water loss

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12
Q

List functions of the root.

A

-anchores the plant in the ground
-absorbs water and minerals
-stores food excess (in specialized cells)
-remains viable when surroundings become
inhospitable

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13
Q

What do the xylem vessels do?

A

transports water and minerals from roots to all parts of the plant

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14
Q

Why is there lignin in the xylem vessels’ cell wall?

A

-makes the tube strong and hard
-helps to strengthen the stem, leaves, and other
structures of the plant
-can withstand the pressure inside the vessel

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