Chapter 1 Pest Management

Question 1

Define “Pest”

Answer 1

An undesirable organism that injures humans desirable plants and animals manufactured products or natural substances

Question 2

Name 1 of the 4 main groups of pests and give an example

Answer 2

Weeds
- undesirable plants

Question 3

Name 1 of the 4 main groups of pests and give an example

Answer 3

Invertebrates
- insects
- mites
- ticks
- spiders
- snails
- slugs

Question 4

Name 1 of the 4 main groups of pests and give an example

Answer 4

Disease agents of pathogens
- bacteria
- fungi
- viruses
- nematodes

Question 5

Name 1 of the 4 main groups of pests and give an example

Answer 5

Vertebrates
- birds
- reptiles
- amphibians
- fish
- rodents

Question 6

Discuss the importance of pest identification in pest control

Answer 6

Once correctly identifying a pest the applicator can learn the life cycle, behavior and damage characteristics and learn the control methods. Misidentifying and lack of information can cause pest control failure

Question 7

List 6 general pest management methods

Answer 7

Biological Control
Chemical Control
Cultural Control
Genetic Control
Mechanical/physical control
Regulatory Control

Question 8

Define “integrated pest management” (IPM)

Answer 8

A pest management strategy that utilizes a wide range of pest control methods or tactic

Question 9

How can one or more control options improve pest control

Answer 9

• increase the likely hood of successful pest management
• add non chemical methods may be more permanent

Question 10

How can selectivity affect chemical controls

Answer 10

• they are toxic to some pests but have little or no effect on others
• Example: certain selective herbicides control broadleaf weeds but not grasses

Question 11

How does persistence affect chemical controls

Answer 11

• how long they remain active to control pests
• Some residual control pests for weeks, months or even years. Others provides short term control could last only hours

Question 12

Explain how pest population levels trigger control procedures

Answer 12

Economic thresholds is the pest population density (number of pests per unit areas) at which control measures are needed to prevent the pest from reaching economic injury level

Question 13

Name 1 of the pest management goals

Answer 13

Prevention
- prevent the loss or damage from pest
- using preemergence herbicides
- growing varieties resistant to disease or insects

Question 14

Name 1 of the pest management goals

Answer 14

Suppression
- Aim to reduce pest population levels
- methods usually do not eliminate all pest but reduce to a tolerable population level in the field

Question 15

Name 1 of the 7 reasons why pesticide application may fail

Answer 15

Pest Identification
- pest was not correctly identified

Question 16

Name 1 of the 7 reasons why pesticide application may fail

Answer 16

Dosage
- applied the wrong pesticide at the wrong dosage

Question 17

Name 1 of the 7 reason why pesticide application may fail

Answer 17

Correct Use
- not using a pesticide for the target pest

Question 18

Name 1 of the 7 reasons why pesticide application may fail

Answer 18

Application Timing
- Pesticide not applied at the correct time

Question 19

Name 1 of the 7 reasons why pesticide application may fail

Answer 19

Application Equipment
- using the wrong equipment

Question 20

Name 1 of the 7 reasons why pesticide applications may fail

Answer 20

Environment Conditions
- applying before a rainstorm

Question 21

Name 1 of the 7 reasons why pesticide application may fail

Answer 21

Pesticide degradation
- using granular pesticides that can been wet

Question 22

List 1 of the 2 tactics that will minimize the development of pesticide resistance

Answer 22

Applying pesticides over limited areas reduced the proportion of the total pest population exposed to the chemical

Question 23

List 1 of the 2 tactics that will minimize the development of pesticide resistance

Answer 23

Treating alternate generations of pests with pesticides that have different modes of action decreases the selection pressure for resistance