Chapter 1: Overview and Methodology

Question 1

6 Criteria for determining abnormality

Answer 1

1. Unusualness
2. Social deviance
3. Faulty perceptions / interpretation of reality
4. Significant personal distress
5. Maladaptive
6. Dangerous

Question 2

Variations in abnormality occur across

Answer 2

Time periods and cultures

Question 3

What are Hippocrates sense of humors and their connections when in excess?

Answer 3

1. Phlegm: lethargy, tired
2. Blood: happy, confident
3. Black bile: depression
4. Yellow bile: irritability

Question 4

This psychological theory relates personality and abnormal behavior to the interplay of conflicting forces within an individual

Answer 4

Psychodynamic theory

Question 5

This is described as the therapeutic release of pent-up emotional tension

Answer 5

Catharsis

Question 6

According to Freud, which part of the personality is comprised of our biological drives that demand immediate reward

Answer 6

Id

Question 7

According to Freud, which part of the personality is the rational part that mediates between the other two

Answer 7

Ego

Question 8

According to Freud, which part of the personality contains the internalized values and rules from our parents and society.

Answer 8

Superego

Question 9

This is described as presenting ones thoughts or feelings as the extreme opposite of what they actually are

Answer 9

Reaction formation

Question 10

This is described as the transformation of sexual or aggressive energies into acceptable pro-social behaviors.

Answer 10

Sublimination

Question 11

This approach to psychology deals with values, beliefs, and consciousness, including spirituality and guiding principles

Answer 11

Humanistic psychology

Question 12

This is described as when a person is only see positively when they fulfill certain requirements set for them by another person(s)

Answer 12

Conditional positive regard

Question 13

This is described as the acceptance of the person as he or she is

Answer 13

Unconditional positive regard

Question 14

What is the three parts of the ABC approach?

Answer 14

Activating events
Beliefs
Consequences

Question 15

This is described as faulty processing of things that happened in someone’s life.

Answer 15

Cognitive distortion approach

Question 16

What are the four parts of the cognitive distortion approach?

Answer 16

1. Selective abstraction
2. Overgeneralization
3. Magnification
4. Absolutist thinking

Question 17

Key neurotransmitters

Answer 17

Acetylcholine
GABA
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Dopamine

Question 18

This term is defined as the item that an experimenter manipulates to get an effect

Answer 18

Independent variable

Question 19

This is defined as the item the experimenter measures to see if another variable has an effect

Answer 19

Dependent variable

Question 20

This is described as a study that tracks the rate of occurrence of a particular disorder in different population groups

Answer 20

Epidemiological studies