Chapter 1 - Organizational Behaviour & Management

Question 1

What is Organizational behaviour (OB) ?

Answer 1

The attitudes and behaviours of individuals and groups in organizations.

• Studying attitudes and behaviours
• Provides insights to affect, manage & change attitudes & behaviour.
• How external events to the organization can affect attitudes and behaviours

Question 2

Goals of Organizational Behaviour.

Answer 2

1- PREDICTING
2- EXPLAINING
3- MANAGING

Attitudes and behaviours.

Question 3

History of Management

Answer 3

1- Classical Approach
2- Human Relations Approach
3- The contingency Approach

Question 4

What is the Classical Approach?

Answer 4

Controlling and coordinating people

Question 5

What is the human relations approach?

Answer 5

Being flexible and adaptable

Question 6

What is the contingency approach?

Answer 6

Tailoring the approach to the situation and environment.

Question 7

Performance =

Answer 7

“Ability X Motivation”

Question 8

Some contemporary Management Concerns

Answer 8

1- Diversity
2- A positive work environment and employee well-being.
3- Talent Management and Employee Engagement
4- Corporate social responsibility

Question 9

What is workplace spirituality?

Answer 9

Meaning, purpose, community.

• Job security, a sense of belonging, providing resources,
• Psychological capital (self-efficacy, optimism, resilience).

Question 10

What is OB about?

Answer 10

Understanding people and managing them to work effectively.

Question 11

Five steps of behaviour modelling training..

Answer 11

1- Describe a set of behaviours that must be learned
2- Provide a model displaying effectiveness of those behaviours
3- Provide opportunity
4- Provide feedback
5- Take steps to maximize the transfer of those behaviours the job.

Question 12

3 key concepts of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)…

Answer 12

1- Observational learning (observe and immitate)
2- Self-efficacy beliefs
3- Self-Regulation

Question 13

What is self-efficacy?

Answer 13

Beliefs people have about their ability to successfully perform a specific task.

Question 14

What is Social Cognitive Theory?

Answer 14

Emphasizes the role of cognitive process in learning the regulation of peoples behaviours.

(People learn by observing others).

Question 15

Two strategies that can reduce the probability of learned behaviour…

Answer 15

1- Extinction

2-Punishment

Question 16

What is a positive reinforcer?

Answer 16

Positive feedback & a “pat on the back” for a job being well-done

Question 17

What is performance feedback?

Answer 17

Providing quantatative or qualitative info on past performance for the purpose of changing or maintaining performance in a specific area.

Question 18

What is behavioural plasticity?

Answer 18

People with low self-esteem tend to be more susestible to external & social influences.

Question 19

What is self-monitoring?

Answer 19

The extent to how a person observes and regulates how he/she appears and behaves in social settings and relationships.

Question 20

Main difference between internal and external forces?

Answer 20

Internal thinks that its about what you put in and external see the world as an unpredictable chancy place of luck, fate, etc.

Question 21

Locus of control is…

Answer 21

A set of beliefs about whether ones behaviour is controlled mainly by internal or external forces.

Question 22

What are the five-factor model of personality?

Answer 22

1- Extraversion
2- Emotional/stability neuroticism
3- Agreeableness
4- Conscientiouness
5- Openness to experience

Question 23

What is proactive behaviour?

Answer 23

Taking initiative to improve current circumstances or creating new ones.

Question 24

Define dispositional approach…

Answer 24

Individuals possess stable traits or characteristics that influence attitude and behaviour.

Question 25

Define situational approach

Answer 25

characteristics of the work meeting influences peoples attitudes and behaviours. (rewards and punishment has an impact)

Question 26

Define Interactionist Approach

Answer 26

To predict and understand organizational behaviour, one must know something about an individuals behaviour

Question 27

What is trait activation theory?

Answer 27

Personality characteristics influence peoples behaviour when the situations calls for a specific personality characteristic.

Question 28

Define positive and negative affectivity

Answer 28

Positive: View the world & themselves in a positive light (cheerful, enthusiastic, lively)

negative: Experiences negative emotions (anxiety)