Chapter 1 Movement skills Flashcards
Closed motor skills
Closed motor skills are motor skills that are performed in a predictable self-paced environment
- Softball on a T-stand
Open motor skills
Open motor skills are motor skills that are performed in an environment that is constantly changing and is extremely paced
- Speed and height of a wave in surfing
Fine motor skills
Fine motor skills are delicate precise movements that engage the use of small muscle groups
- Shooting in archery
Gross motor skills
Gross motor skills are movements involving the use of larger muscle groups that result in a coordinated action
- Skipping, break dancing, throwing, hitting, kicking
Discrete motor skills
Discrete motor skills involves movements of brief duration that are easily defined by a distinct beginning and end
- Throw, kick, catch
Serial motor skills
Serial motor skills are a series or group of discrete skills strung together to create a more complicated, skilled action
- Gymnastics routine, dodging your opponent, jumping to catch a ball
Continuous motor skills
Continuous motor skills are repetitive actions and for that reason have no distinct beginning or end
- Swimming, running, pedaling a bike
Individual constraints
Individual constraints are those that are internal to the performer
- Body structure, fitness, psychological factors, genetics
Task constraint
Task constraint refers to the factors that concern the conditions of the sport or game
- Rule of the game, equipment used, speed and accuracy required
Environmental constraints
Environmental constraints are characteristics in the environment that change the level of difficulty of a task or activity when it is performed in that environment
- Weather, gravity, sociocultural restraints
Familial advantage
Familial advantage is the influence of parents or siblings on movement skill development
- Having a family member or a single family member who are elite sports achievers can provide role modelling of specific techniques, competitiveness
Enabler
An enabler is something or someone that has a positive effect on one’s movement skills
- Active lifestyle, health benefits
Barrier
A barrier is something or someone that has a negative effect on one’s movement skills
- A barrier can be not having opportunity to develop motor skills at a young age
Qualitative analysis of movement skills
Qualitative analysis is the systematic observation of the quality of human movement for the purpose of providing the most appropriate intervention to improve performance
Explain the preparation stage
What are the 5 main things to determine in this stage
In this stage the coach or teacher needs to determine:
1) What is being analyzed
2) Why it is being analyzed
3) How it is being analyzed
Once these have been decided the coach or teacher needs to determine:
1) What are the characteristics of a skilled performance
2) How will the progress of the subject be tracked
Explain the observation stage
Observation is the process of looking at the performance of the subject
Observation can be performed live by watching during training or match or recorded then reviewed after the training session is over
Explain the evaluation stage
What are the three main things to determine in this stage
Evaluation refers to the judgement of quality
During the process the coach or teacher will determine:
1) What the problem is
2) What is causing the problem
3) How can the problem be addressed
Explain the error correction stage
In this stage weaknesses are identified, and strategies are created to develop these weaknesses
These strategies will either be direct (repetition) or constraint based (simulation/altering the situation or environment to allow players to practice the situation or skill they need to work in)
The type of intervention put in place is dependent on the stage of learning that the performer is in
