Chapter 1-Living Organisms and Cell Functions.

Question 1

What are the seven characteristics that are displayed by all living organisms?

Answer 1

1. Movement
2. Respiration
3. Sensitivity
4. Growth
5. Reproduction
6. Excretion
7. Nutrition

(Remember: MRS GREN)

Question 2

Define:

Movement

Answer 2

An action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of place and position.

Question 3

Define:

Respiration

Answer 3

The chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy.

Usually involves oxygen and sugar molecules.

Question 4

Define:

Sensitivity

Answer 4

The ability to detect or sense changes in the environment (stimuli) and to respond to them.

Question 5

Define:

Growth

Answer 5

The process by which an organism changes in a permanent increase in size, form and dry mass. Growth reults from increase in cell number, cell size or both.

Question 6

Define:

Reproduction.

Answer 6

The process that makes more of the same kind of organism.

Question 7

Define:

Excretion

Answer 7

The removal of toxic materials, the waste production fo metabolism and substances in excess requirements.

Question 8

Define:

Nutrition

Answer 8

The process in which nutrients are taken into the body and converted into simpilar substances, providing raw materials for growth, repair and energy.

Question 9

What classifies as a living organism?

Answer 9

If it has a cytoplasm and cell membrane it is classified as living

Question 10

List the organelles in a human cell.

Answer 10

1. Nucleus
2. Cytoplasm
3. Cell Membrane
4. Mitochondria

Question 11

List the functions of those organelles.

Answer 11

1. Nucleus: Contains genetic material and controlling activities in the cell (control center)
2. Cytoplasm: Helps cell keep its shape and where chemical reactions take place.
3. Cell Membrane: Partially permeable and controls what goes in and out of the cell.
4. Mitochondria: Where aerobic reactions take place and provide energy (powerhouse of the cell.)

Question 12

List the organelles in a plant cell.

Answer 12

1. Nucleus
2. Cytoplasm
3. Cell Membrane
4. Vacuole
5. Chloroplast
6. Mitochondria
7. Cell Wall

Question 13

List the functions of the other three organelles that are found in the plant cell (but aren’t in the animal cell)?

Answer 13

1. Vacuole: Helps to keep cell tirgid/ stores food and water.
2. Chloroplast: Contains chlorophyll which absorb light energy for photosynthesis.
3. Cell Wall: Rigid to keep the cell shape and structural support.