Chapter 1 lecture

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 2

mass

Answer 2

refers to the amount of matter present in a sample

- includes both living and nonliving that can be seen

Question 3

what is not considered to be matter?

Answer 3

various forms of energy such as heat light and elctricity

Question 4

solid

Answer 4

physical state characterized by a definite shape and definite volume

Question 5

liquid

Answer 5

the physical state characterized by an indefinite shape and a definite volume

Question 6

gas

Answer 6

physical state characterized by an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume

Question 7

physical property

Answer 7

characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the basic identity of the substance
(color; odor, physical state (solid, liquid, or gas) melting point; boiling and poing and hardness)

Question 8

properties

Answer 8

are the distinguishing characteristics of a substance that are used in its identification and description

Question 9

chemical property

Answer 9

a characteristic of a substance that describes the way the substance undergoes or resists change to form a new substance

Question 10

physical change

Answer 10

a process in which a substance changes its physical appearance but not its chemical composition
- new substance is never formed as a result of a physical change

Question 11

chemical change

Answer 11

a process in which a substance undergoes a change in chemical composition
- always involve conversion of material(s) under consideration into one or more new substances

Question 12

pure substance

Answer 12

single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means
- contains only that substance and nothing else

Question 13

mixture

Answer 13

physical combination of two or more pure substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity
- retain because they are physically mixed rather than chemically combined

Question 14

mixtures are subclassified to?

Answer 14

heterogenous or homogenous

Question 15

heterogenous mixture

Answer 15

contains visibly different phases (parts), each of which has different properties
- non uniform appearance is a charateristic of all heterogenous mixtures

Question 16

homogenous mixture

Answer 16

contains only one visibly distinct phase (part), which has uniform properties throughout
- components cannot be visually distinguished

Question 17

element

Answer 17

pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler pure substances by ordinary chemical means such as a reaction, an electric current, heat or a beam of light.

Question 18

compound

Answer 18

pure substance that can be broken down into two or more simpler pure substances by chemical means
- water

Question 19

chemical symbol

Answer 19

one ore two letter designation for an element derived from the name of the element
- firest letter is always capitalized and second is not

Question 20

atom

Answer 20

the smallest particle of an element that can exist and still have the properties of the element

Question 21

molecule

Answer 21

group of two or more atoms that functions as a unit because the atoms are tightly bound together

Question 22

diatomic molecule

Answer 22

molecule that contains two atoms

Question 23

triatomic molecule

Answer 23

molecule that contains three atoms

Question 24

molecules are classified into two categories:

Answer 24

homoatomic and heteroatomic

Question 25

homoatomic molecule

Answer 25

molecule in which all atoms present are the same kind

Question 26

heteroatomic molecule

Answer 26

molecule in which two or more kinds of atoms are present

Question 27

chemical formula

Answer 27

notation made up of the symbols of the elements present in a compound and numerical subscripts (located to the right of each symbol) that indicate the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound

Question 28

chemistry

Answer 28

-Chemistry is the study of the composition, properties and interactions of matters.

Question 29

submicroscopic particles

Answer 29

matters are made of extremely small particles that cannot be seen even with the most powerful microscope