Chapter 1 - Introduction To Medical Terminology Flashcards by Ray Brain Scape | Brainscape

Q

gastr/o -

A

stomach

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Q

itis

A

inflammation

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Q

hyper -

A

excessive or increased

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Q

myel / o

A

spinal cord

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Q

oste - o

A

bone

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Q

my / o

A

muscle

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Q

neur / o

A

nerve

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Q

arthr / o

A

joint

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Q

cyan / o

A

blue

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Q

cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

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Q

osis

A

abnormal condition or disease

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Q

erythro - o

A

red

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Q

erythrocyte

A

mature res blood cell

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Q

cyte

A

cell

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Q

melan / o

A

black

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Q

melanosis

A

any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs

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Q

poli / i

A

gray

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Q

poliomyelitis

A

viral infection of gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord

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Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

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Q

enter / o

A

small intestine

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Q

neur / o

A

nerve

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Q

plasty

A

surgical repair

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Q

rrhaphy

A

surgical suturing

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Q

neuroplasty

A

surgical repair of a nerve

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Q

neurorrhaphy

A

suturing togther of the end of a severed nerve

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Q

tonsill / o

A

tonsils

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Q

ectomy

A

surgical removal

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Q

cranium

A

portion of the skull that encloses the brain

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Q

crani / o

A

skull

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Q

um

A

noun ending

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Q

Cardi/o

A

Heart

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Q

-ac

A

Pertaining to

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Q

Cardiac

A

Pertaining to the heart

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Q

-a

A

Noun ending

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Q

-e

A

Noun ending

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Q

-um

A

Noun ending

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Q

-us

A

Noun ending

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Q

-us

A

Noun ending

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Q

-y

A

Noun ending

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Q

-ac

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-al

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-an

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ar

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ary

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-eal

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ical

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ial

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ic

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ine

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ior

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ory

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-ous

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-tic

A

Adjective ending - Pertaining to

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Q

-osis

A

Abnormal condition or disease

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Q

Pathology

A

Study of all aspects of desease

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Q

Path/o

A

Disease

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Q

-ology

A

Study of

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Q

-algia

A

Pain and suffering

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Q

Gastralgia

A

Stomachache

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Q

-dynia

A

Pain

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Q

Gastrodynia

A

Pain in the stomach

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Q

-ago

A

Abnormal condition

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Q

-esis

A

Abnormal condition

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Q

-ia

A

Abnormal condition

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Q

-iasis

A

Abnormal condition

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Q

-ion

A

Abnormal condition

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Q

-ism

A

Abnormal condition

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Q

-megaly

A

Enlargement

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Q

Hepatomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the liver

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Q

Hepat / o

A

Liver

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Q

-malacia

A

Abnormal softening

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Q

Arteriomalacia

A

Abnormal softening of the wall of an artery or arteries

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Q

Arteri / o

A

Artery

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Q

-sclerosis

A

Hardening

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Q

-necrosis

A

Tissue death

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Q

Arterionecrosis

A

Tissue death of an artery or arteries

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Q

-stenosis

A

Abnormal narrowing

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Q

-centesis

A

Surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid

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Q

-abdomin / o

A

Abdomen

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Q

-graphy

A

Producing a picture or record

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Q

Angiography

A

Process of producing a radiographic study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible

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Q

Angi / o

A

Blood vessel

Q

-gram

A

A picture or record

Q

Angiogram

A

Resulting film that is produced by angiography

Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repa

Q

My / o

A

Muscle

Q

-scopy

A

Visual examination

Q

Arthroscopy

A

Visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

Q

Arthr / o

A

Joint

Q

-rrhage

A

Bleeding (often sudden, severe bleeding); abnormal excessive fluid discharge

Q

-rrhagia

A

Bleeding (often sudden, severe bleeding); abnormal excessive fluid discharge

Q

Hemorrhage

A

Loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

Q

-rraphy

A

Surgical suturing to close a wound and includes the use of sutures, staples, or surgical glue

Q

-rrhea

A

Flow or discharge and refers o the flow of most body fluids

Q

Dia-

A

Through

Q

-rrhexis

A

Rupture

Q

Nat / o

A

Birth

Q

Pre-

A

Before

Q

Peri-

A

Surounding

Q

Prenatal

A

The time and events before birth

Q

Perinatal

A

The time and events surrounding a birth

Q

Ab-

A

Away from, negative, absent

Q

Dextr / o

A

Right side

Q

Ex-

A

Out of, outside, away from

Q

Macro-

A

Large, abnormal size, or long

Q

Mega-, megal / o

A

Large, great

Q

Ad-

A

Toward, to, in the direction of

Q

Sinistr / o

A

Left side

Q

In-

A

In, into, not, without

Q

Micro / o, micro-

A

Small

Q

Olig / o

A

Scanty few

Q

Post-

A

After, behind

Q

Context

A

To determine which body system this term is refering to

Q

Otorhinolaryngology

A

Study of the ears, nose, and throat

Q

-ology

A

The study of

Q

Laryng / o

A

Larynx or throat

Q

Rhin / o

A

Nose

Q

Ot/o

A

Ear

Q

Dys-

A

Bad, difficult, or painful

Q

Hyper-

A

Excessive or increased

Q

Inter-

A

Between or amoung

Q

Sub-

A

Under, less, below

Q

Eu-

A

Good, normal, well, easy

Q

Hypo-

A

Deficient or decreased

Q

Intra-

A

Within or inside

Q

Super-, supra-

A

Above or excessive

Q

Abnormal

A

Not normal or away from normal

Q

Dysfunctional

A

An organ or body part that is not working properly

Q

Hypertension

A

Higher-than-normal blood pressure

Q

Interstitial

A

Between, but not within, the parts of a tissue

Q

Subcostal

A

Below a rib or ribs

Q

Addiction

A

Being drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug or substance

Q

Eupnea

A

Easy or normal breathing

Q

Hypotnesion

A

Lower-than-normal blood pressure

Q

Intramuscular

A

Within the muscle

Q

Supracostal

A

Above or outside the ribs

Q

ENT

A

Ears, nose, and throat

Q

Lithotomy

A

A surgical incision for the removal of a stone, OR the name of an examination position in which the patient is lying on her back with her feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups.

Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

Q

-otomy

A

Surgical incision

Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by an abnormal accululation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the bod

Q

Anteri/o

A

Artery

Q

Endarterial

A

Pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery

Q

End-

A

Within

Q

Arter/o

A

Plaque or fatty substance

Q

-oma

A

Tumor

Q

Plural of “-a”

A

-ae

Q

Plural of “-ex”

A

-ices (index, indices)

Q

Plural of “-ix”

A

-ices (appendix)

Q

Plural of “-is”

A

-es (diagnosis, diagnoses)

Q

Plural of “-itis”

A

“Is” turns into “ides” (arthritis, arthritides)

Q

Plural of “-nx”

A

-x turns ino -ges (phalanx, phalanges)

Q

Plural of -on

A

-a

Q

Plural of -um

A

-a

Q

Plural of -us

A

-i

Q

-ectomy

A

Surgical removal

Q

-ostomy

A

Surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body

Q

-otomy

A

Cutting or surgical incision

Q

Sign

A

Objective evidence of disease (fever)

Q

Symptom

A

Subjective evidence of.a disease (pain or headache)

Q

Syndrome

A

Set of signs and symptoms that occur togehter as part of a specific disease process

Q

Diagnosis

A

Indentification of a disease

Q

DX

A

Diagnosis

Q

Differential diagnosis

A

Also known as a rule out, an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present

Q

D/DX

A

Differential diagnosis

Q

R/O

A

Rule out

Q

Prognosis

A

Prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease

Q

Acute (condition)

A

A rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration

Q

Chronic

A

Condition of a long duration, can be controlled but are rarely cured

Q

Remission

A

Temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symtoms of a disease without having achieved a cure

Q

Disease

A

Condition in which one or more body parts are not ductionally normally. Some are named for their signs and some for their symtoms (e.g. Chronic fatigue syndrome is a persistant, overwhelming fatigue of unknown orgin)

Q

Eponym

A

Disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or discribed it first (e.g. Alzheimer’s is named for a German neurologist Alois Alzeheimer)

Q

Acronym

A

Word formed frm the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term (e.g. lasar: light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)

Q

Fissure

A

Groove or crack like sore of the skin, also discribes normal folds in the contours of the brain

Q

Fistula

A

Abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. May be due to surgury, injury, or the draining of an abscess.

Q

Ileum

A

The last and longest portion of the small intestine

Q

Ilium

A

Part of the hip bone

Q

Tendin

A

Tendon

Q

Infection

A

The invasion of the body by a pthogenic organism

Q

Malaise

A

A feeling general dicomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease

Q

Exudate

A

A fluid that leaks out of an infected wound

Q

Inflammation

A

Localized reponse to an injury or o the destruction of tissues (key indicators: erythema, hypertermia, pain)

Q

Erythema

A

Redness

Q

Hyperthermia

A

Heat

Q

Laceration

A

A torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut

Q

Lesion

A

Pathological change of the tissues due to disease or injury

Q

Mucous

A

Describes the spealized membranes that line the body cavity

Q

Mucus

A

Name of the fluid secreted by mucous membranes

Q

Myc/o

A

Fungus

Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow OR spinal cord

Q

-ologist

A

Specialist

Q

Palpation

A

Examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

Q

Palpitation

A

Pounding or racing heart

Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis, which is part of the kidney

Q

Py/o

A

Pus

Q

Supination

A

Act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward

Q

Suppuration

A

Formation of discharge of pus

Q

Triage

A

Medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment

Q

Trauma

A

Wound of injury

Q

Viral

A

Pertaining to a virus

Q

Virile

A

Have the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male

Q

MS

A

Do not use abreviation. Morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate

Q

QD and QOD

A

Do not use abreviation. Daily or every other day, repectively. Sometime mistaken for each other

Q

U

A

Do not use abreviation. Unit, but sometimes mistaken for 0 or 4