Chapter 1: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Flashcards
The study of how people perceive, learn, remember, and think about information.
a. Neuropsychology
b. Gestalt psychology
c. Cognitive psychology
c. Cognitive psychology
Mental shortcuts we use to process information.
a. Dialectic
b. Heuristics
c. Synthesis
b. Heuristics
When we think about an issue and certain examples immediately comes to mine, we are using the?
a. Availability heuristics
b. Philosophical heuristics
c. Common heuristics
a, Availability heuristics
A _________ is a developmental process whereby ideas evolve over time through a back-and-forth exchange of ideas; in a way, it is like a discussion spread out over an extended period of time.
a. Dialectic
b. Thesis
c. Antithesis
a. Dialectic
It is proposed and a statement of belief.
a. Antithesis
b. Thesis
c. Synthesis
b. Thesis
It emerges and it is a statement that counter a thesis.
a. Antithesis
b. Thesis
c. Synthesis
a. Antithesis
It integrates viewpoints.
a. Thesis
b. Synthesis
c. Antithesis
b. Synthesis
The debate between the ________ and ________ leads to a _________.
a. Synthesis; Thesis; Anti thesis
b. Antithesis; Synthesis; Thesis
c. Thesis; Antithesis; Synthesis
c. Thesis; Antithesis; Synthesis
Seeks to understand the general nature of many aspects of the world, inpart through introspection, the examination of inner ideas and experiences (from intro, “inward, within,” and spect, “look”).
a. Psychology
b. Philosophy
c. Physiology
b. Philosophy
Seeks a scientific study of life-sustaining functions in living matter, primarily through empirical (observation based) methods.
a. Psychology
b. Philosophy
c. Physiology
c. Physiology
Two Greek philosophers who affected modern thinking in psychology and other fields.
a. Socrates and Heraclitus
b. Pythagoras and Epicurus
c. Plato and Aristotle
c. Plato and Aristotle
Believes that the route to knowledge is through thinking and logical analysis.
a. Rationalist
b. Empiricist
c. Structuralists
a. Rationalist
Believes that we acquire knowledge via empirical evidence - that is, we obtain evidence through experience and observation.
a. Rationalist
b. Empiricist
c. Functionalist
b. Empiricist
_______ was a rationalist while _______ was an empiricist.
a. Plato; Aristotle
b. Aristotle; Plato
a. Plato; Aristotle
He was a French rationalist (1596 - 1650).
a. René Descartes
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. John Locke
a. René Descartes
He was a British empiricist (1632 - 1704).
a. René Descartes
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. John Locke
c. John Locke
He viewed the introspective, reflective method as being superior to empirical methods for finding truth.
a. René Descartes
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. John Locke
a. René Descartes
Believed that humans are born without knowledge and therefore must seek knowledge through empirical observation and believed that the study of learning was the key to understanding the human mind. He also believed that there are no innate ideas.
a. René Descartes
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. John Locke
c. John Locke
The term for his view was “tabula rasa”.
a. René Descartes
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. John Locke
c. John Locke
The famous expression “cogito, ergo sum” stems from:
a. René Descartes
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. John Locke
a. René Descartes
“Cogito, ergo sum” translates to:
a. Tabula rasa
b. I think, therefore I am
c. Blank slate
b. I think, therefore I am
“Tabula rasa” translates to:
a. Blank slate
b. Cogito, ergo sum
c. I think, therefore I am
a. Blank slate
He synthesized the views of Descartes and Locke, arguing that both rationalism and empiricism have their place (1724 - 1804).
a. Edward Titchener
b. Immanuel Kant
c. B.F Skinner
b. Immanuel Kant
The first and major school of thought in psychology and seeks to understand the structure (configuration of elements) of the mind and its perceptions by analyzing into their constituent components (affection, attention, memory, and sensation).
a. Functionalism
b. Associationism
c. Gestalt Psychology
d. Structuralism
e. Behaviorism
d. Structuralism
An alternative to structuralism and seeks to understand what people do and why they do it. Suggest that psychologists should focus on the processes of thought rather than on its contents.
a. Functionalism
b. Associationism
c. Gestalt Psychology
d. Structuralism
e. Behaviorism
a. Functionalism
Examines how elements of the mind, such as events or ideas, can become associated with one another in the mind to result in a form of learning.
a. Functionalism
b. Associationism
c. Gestalt Psychology
d. Structuralism
e. Behaviorism
b. Associationism
Focuses only on the relation between observable behavior and environmental stimuli.
a. Functionalism
b. Associationism
c. Gestalt Psychology
d. Structuralism
e. Behaviorism
e. Behaviorism
States that we best understand psychological phenomena when we view them as organized, structured wholes.
a. Functionalism
b. Associationism
c. Gestalt Psychology
d. Structuralism
e. Behaviorism
c. Gestalt psychology
The maxim “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts” aptly sums up the:
a. Functionalism
b. Associationism
c. Gestalt Psychology
d. Structuralism
e. Behaviorism
c. Gestalt Psychology
