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Human Anatomy Lecture > Chapter 1 : Introduction To Anatomy, Body Plans, Body Cavities, Body Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 1 : Introduction To Anatomy, Body Plans, Body Cavities, Body Terms Flashcards

1
Q 
Chapter 1 
Microscopic Anatomy (fine anatomy) , Cytology, and Histology
A

The study of body structures that cannot be seen without magnification - includes Cytology ( study of cells) and Histology (study of tissues)

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2
Q

Gross Anatomy (Macroscopic)

A

The study of body structures which are visible without the aid of magnification

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3
Q

Surface Anatomy

A

The study of shapes and markings on the body surface (morphology) and how it relates to deeper structures

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4
Q

Regional Anatomy

A

The study of superficial and internal features of the body (head, neck, or trunk)

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5
Q

Systemic Anatomy

A

The study based on the organ systems of the body one at a time ( e.g. Cardiovascular system - heart, veins, arteries, etc.)

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6
Q

What is the correct Levels of Organization of the human body ?

  1. ) Chemical, Tissue, Cellular, Organ,
  2. ) Tissue, Cellular, Tissue, Organ
  3. ) Organ, Tissue, Cellular, Chemical, Organ System
  4. ) Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System
A

4.) Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System

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7
Q

Responsiveness

A

The ability for an organism to change in its environment (e.g. jerking your hand from a hot surface)

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8
Q

Growth and Differentiation

A

Organism grow and produce changes and shape in form and function over time

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9
Q

Metabolism

A

Refers to all chemical operations under way in the body

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10
Q

Catabolism

Anabolism

A

Catabolism - the breakdown of complex molecules into simple ones

Anabolism - the synthesis of complex molecules from simple ones

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11
Q

The Integumentary System

A

Organs : skin, epidermis, dermis, hair follicles, sweat glands, nails, sensory receptors, subcutaneous layer

Function : covers body surface, provides protection and heat, has glands and ducts

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12
Q

Skeletal System

A

Organs : Bones, joints, cartilage, bone marrow, ligaments

Functions : support and protect of soft tissues; mineral storage, blood cell formation

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13
Q

Supine

A

Laying face up

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14
Q

Prone

A

Laying face down

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15
Q

Cephalon

A

Head (cephalic)

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16
Q

Cranium

A

Skull (cranial)

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17
Q

Facies

A

Face (facial)

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18
Q

Frons

A

Forehead (frontal)

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19
Q

Nasus

A

Nose (nasal)

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20
Q

Oculus

A

Eye (orbital or ocular)

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21
Q

Auris

A

Ear (Otic)

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22
Q

Bucca

A

Cheek (buccal)

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23
Q

Cervicis

A

Neck (cervical)

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24
Q

Oris

A

Mouth (oral)

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25
Q

Mentis

A

Chin (mental)

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26
Q

Axilla

A

Armpit (axillary)

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27
Q

Brachium

A

Arm (brachial)

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28
Q

Antecubitis

A

Front of Elbow (Antecubital)

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29
Q

Antebrachium

A

Forearm (antebrachial)

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30
Q

Carpus

A

Wrist (carpal)

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31
Q

Palma

A

Palms (palmar)

32
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb

33
Q

Digits

A

Fingers (digital)

34
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap (patellar)

35
Q

Crus

A

Leg (crural)

36
Q

Tarsus

A

Ankle (tarsal)

37
Q

Hallux

A

Big Toe

38
Q

Pes

A

Foot (pedal)

39
Q

Acromial

A

Shoulder

40
Q

Dorsum

A

Back (dorsal)

41
Q

Olecranon

A

Back of Elbow (orecranal)

42
Q

Lumbus

A

Loin (Lumbar)

43
Q

Gluteus

A

Buttock (gluteal)

44
Q

Popliteus

A

Back of Knee (popliteal)

45
Q

Sura

A

Calf (sural)

46
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel of foot (calcaneal)

47
Q

Planta

A

Sole of foot (plantar)

48
Q

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

A

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

49
Q

What is included in the RUQ ?

A

Right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right kidney, parts of stomach, small, and large intestines

50
Q

What is included in the RLQ ?

A

Cecum, appendix, parts of small intestines, Right ovary & spermatic cord, Right ureter

51
Q

What is included in the LUQ ?

A

Left lobe of Liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, and parts of large intestine

52
Q

What is included in the LLQ ?

A

Most of small intestine, parts of large intestine, left ureter, left ovary & spermatic cord

53
Q

Superior (cephalic or cranial)

A

Above

54
Q

Inferior (caudal)

A

Below

55
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline, side

56
Q

Medial

A

Toward middle, midline

57
Q

Proximal

A

Closer towards the origin

58
Q

Distal

A

Farthest away from the origin

59
Q

Anterior ( ventral)

A

Front

60
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

Back

61
Q

Superficial ( external)

A

Surface of the body

62
Q

Deep (internal)

A

Farther from the surface of the body (inside cavities)

63
Q

Axial Region

A

Head, neck, and torso

64
Q

Appendicular Region

A

Upper and lower limbs ( arms, legs)

65
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side ( e.g. the right arm and right leg are ipsilateral)

66
Q

Contralateral

A

On opposite sides ( e.g. the right and left arms are contralateral)

67
Q

Body Plane :

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

A

Lies vertically ; divides body into front and back

68
Q

Body Plane :

Transverse (Horizontal) Plane

A

Lies horizontally; divides body into top and lower portions

69
Q

Body Plane :

Sagittal Plane

A

Lies vertically ; divides body into right and left portions

70
Q

Dorsal Body Cavity

A

Cranial - skull (cranium, brain)

Spinal - vertebral column (spinal cord)

71
Q

Ventral Cavity (Coelom)

A
  • provides protection, organ movement, lining prevents friction
72
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Superior to diaphragm - contains heart, lungs, blood vessels, surrounded by ribs and muscles of chest wall

73
Q

Thoracic Cavity :

Pleural Cavities - encloses both lungs

A

Parietal Pleura - lines chest wall of serous membrane
Visceral Pleura - lines lungs of serous membrane
Serous Fluid - fills cavity in layers of serous membrane

74
Q

Thoracic Cavity :

Mediastinum - lines the heart, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels

A

Pericardial cavity - heart
Parietal Pericardium - thin ; lines pericardial walls
Visceral Pericardium - thin; lines heart surface
Serous Fluid - fills pericardial cavity

75
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

Lies inferior to diaphragm ; divided into superior and inferior portions

76
Q

Abdominal Cavity :

Superior part contains liver, stomach, small intestine, spleen, kidneys

A

Parietal Peritoneum - thin ; lines wall of serous membrane

Visceral Peritoneum - thin ; lines abdominal pelvic organs

77
Q

Structures that can be observed with the naked eye is called ?

A

Gross or Macroscopy Anatomy

Human Anatomy Lecture (4 decks)

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