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A&P 1 > Chapter 1 Introduction to A&P > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Introduction to A&P Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the form or structure of the body.

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

The study of the function of the body.

A

Physiology

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3
Q

What does form determine?

A

Form determines function

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4
Q

Type of anatomy that needs a microscope to see these structures?

A

Microscopic Anatomy

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5
Q

Study of individual cell.

A

Cytology

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6
Q

Study of tissues.

A

Histology

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7
Q

Simplest form of life.

A

Cell

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8
Q

Type of anatomy that you can see structures with your eye.

A

Macroscopic Anatomy

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9
Q

Another term for macroscopic anatomy

A

Gross Anatomy

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10
Q

Groups of organs that form a system (heart, vessels)

A

Organ System

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11
Q

What are the levels of organization by order?

Remember organization at each level determines the characteristics and functions of higher levels!

A
  • Subatomic particles
  • Atoms
  • Chemical compounds
  • Cells
  • Tissues
  • Organs
  • Systems
  • Body
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12
Q

What are the 4 types of tissues?

A
  • Epithelial tissue
  • Connective tissue
  • Muscle tissue
  • Neural tissue
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13
Q

Where does life begin?

A

Cells

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14
Q

Existence of a stable environment; a set desired range for body functions.

A

Homeostasis

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15
Q

What happens in the body when a organ can not maintain homeostasis?

A

The organ will not survive

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16
Q

A sensor that detects a change or stimulus.

Think thermometer

A

Receptor

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17
Q

Receives and process the stimuli.

Think dial or thermostat

A

Control Center

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18
Q

Cell or organ that responds to a stimuli.

Think furnace

A

Effector

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19
Q

What are the two types of Regulartory Mechanisms?

A
  • Negative Feedback

- Positive Feedback

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20
Q

Regulatory Mechanism when a variation outside the desired Homeostatic range triggers a response to correct the situation. Results are always the opposite of what ever condition initiated the response. The provides stability or sets a limit to a process.

Example: When your blood pressure gets too high the heart will beat slower. This brings your blood pressure back to normal.

Example: When the temperature sends a signal to the thermostat which turns on the air conditioner.

A

Negative Feedback

——->

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21
Q

Regulatory Mechanism when a stimuli produces a response that increases the beginning effect. Resules are always the same as whatever condition initiated the response this accelerates a process to completion.

Example: An increased temperature sends a signal to the thermostat which turns on the heater.

A

Positive Feedback

  • —–>
  • —–>
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22
Q

What are 5 major needs of organisms?

A
  • Energy
  • Gases (Oxygen and Carbon dioxide)
  • Water
  • Salts, acids, bases
  • Organic compounds
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23
Q

System of the body that controls temperature, and prevents bacterial infections.

A

Integumentary

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24
Q

Organ of the Integumentary system?

A

Skin

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25
Q

System of the body that supports and makes blood?

A

Skeletal

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26
Q

Organ of the skeletal system?

A

Bones

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27
Q

System of the body that supports, allows movement, and produces heat?

A

Muscular

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28
Q

Organ of the muscular system?

A

Muscles

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29
Q

System of the body that directs stimuli and activities?

A

Nervous

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30
Q

Organs of the nervous system?

A

Nerves and brain

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31
Q

System of the body that regulates hormones

A

Endocrine

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32
Q

Organ of the endocrine system?

A

Thyroid glan

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33
Q

System of the body that transports nutrients and wastes?

A

Cardiovascular

34
Q

Organs of the cardiovascular system?

A

Heart and vessels

35
Q

System of the body that defends against infection and returns fluid to bloodstream.

A

Lymphatic

36
Q

Organs of the lymphatic system?

A

Lymph nodes, spleen

37
Q

System of the body that provides gas exchange?

A

Respiratory

38
Q

Organs of the respiratory system?

A

Lungs, nose

39
Q

System of the body that processes food and absorbs nutrients?

A

Digestive

40
Q

Organs of the digestive system?

A

Stomach and intestines

41
Q

Organ system that removes waste?

A

Urinary

42
Q

Organs of the urinary system?

A

Kidney and bladder

43
Q

System of the body that produces sex hormones?

A

Reproductive

44
Q

Organs of the reproductive system?

A

Genitalia

45
Q

What is the body system that the body can survive without?

A

Reproductive

46
Q

Body position Facing forward palms up

A

Anatomical position

47
Q

Position: Person lying on back, face up.

A

Supine

48
Q

Position: Person laying face down.

A

Prone

49
Q

Two terms for front

A
  • Anterior

- Ventral

50
Q

Two terms for Back

A
  • Posterior

- Dorsal

51
Q

Term for head (Skull)

A

Cranial

52
Q

Term for head (brain)

A

Cephalic

53
Q

Term for above.

A

Superior

54
Q

Term for the tail.

A

Caudal

55
Q

Term for below.

A

Inferior

56
Q

Term for middle. Towards belly button.

A

Medial

57
Q

Term for to your side, away from mid point.

A

Lateral

58
Q

Term for toward the trunk.

A

Proximal

59
Q

Term for away from the trunk.

A

Distal

60
Q

Term for close to surface of body.

A

Superficial

61
Q

Term for moving away from the surface.

A

Deep

62
Q

9 regions of the abdominopelvic area?

A
  • Right hypochondriac. -Epigastric region. -Left hypochondriac.
  • Right lumbar region. -Umbilical region. -Left Lumbar region.
  • Right inguinal region. -Hypogastric region. -Left inguinal region.
63
Q

3 Sectional planes of the body.

A
  • Transverse plane
  • Frontal plane
  • Sagittal plane
64
Q

Plane that divides the body horizontally such as the waist; upper body and lower body. This results in a cross section.

A

Transerse plane

65
Q

Plane that divides the body into front and back. Also called the coronal plane.

A

Frontal plane

66
Q

Plane that divides the body between the eyes.

A

Sagittal plane

67
Q

An internal chamber whose purpose is to protect an organ and it must allow for a change of size.

A

Body cavity

68
Q

Fluid filled space that protects the spinal cord and brain. Subdivided into “spinal cavity” and “cranial cavity.”

A

Dorsal body cavity

69
Q

Body cavity that contains the brain.

A

Cranial cavity

70
Q

Body cavity that contains the spinal cord.

A

Spinal cavity

71
Q

Also called “coelom” subdived into the thoracic cavity and abdomino pelvic cavity.

A

Ventral Body cavity

72
Q

Contains pleural cavities and the pericardial cavity.

A

Thoracic cavity

73
Q

Cavity that contains lungs

A

Pleural cavities.

74
Q

Cavity that contains the heart

A

Pericardial cavity

75
Q

Cavity that contains the stomach other digestive organs and bladder.

A

Abdomino- pelvic cavity

76
Q

Contains the stomach.

A

Abdominal cavity

77
Q

Contains the bladder.

A

Pelvic cavity

78
Q

Area between 2 pleural cavities that surrounds the pericardial cavity.

A

Mediastinum.

79
Q

Membrane that lines the lung cavity.

A

Pleura

80
Q

Membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity.

A

Peritoneum.

81
Q

Membrane that lines the pericardial cavity.

A

Pericardium.

82
Q

Line the sealed internal divisions of the ventral body cavity.

A

Serous membrane

A&P 1 (6 decks)

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