Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards
What does the acronym WEIRD stand for?
It is used to refer to participants of white, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic backgrounds.
What is the overconfidence effect?
The tendency to be overconfident in what we know which makes us unreasonably confident that our intuitions are more correct than the result of over 100 research studies.
What is a confirmation bias?
The tendency to seek out, pay attention to, and believe only evidence that supports what we are already confident we know.
What is pseudoscience?
A collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly thought to be based on valid science.
What is an evolutionary perspective?
The psychological perspective on behaviour that seeks to identify how humans’ evolutionary past shapes certain cultural universals that all human beings share.
What is a cultural perspective?
The psychological perspective that seeks to understand how cultural context affects people’s thoughts and preferences.
What is a cognitive perspective?
The psychological perspective that studies the mental processes that underlie perception, thought, learning, memory, language, and creativity.
What is an emotional perspective?
The psychological perspective that seeks to understand how the human capacity to feel, express, and perceive emotions plays an important role in decision-making, behaviour, and social relationships.
What is a biological-neuroscience perspective?
The psychological perspective that seeks to understand the biological underpinnings of how humans think, act, and behave.
What is a developmental perspective?
The psychological perspective that studies how people change physically, cognitively, socially, and emotionally as they age.
What is a personality perspective?
The psychological perspective that seeks to understand aspects of human behaviour that are relatively stable over time and situation.
What is a social psychological perspective?
The psychological perspective that studies how immediate social contexts influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviours, independent of personality.
What is a clinical perspective?
The psychological perspective that focuses on the causes and treatment of psychological disorders, intending to improve human well-being, daily functioning, and social relationships.
What is a growth mindset?
The belief that human personality and behaviour can be changed.
