Chapter 1: Introducing Community Psychology

Question 1

True or false, community psychologists are interested in effective ways to prevent problems rather than treat them after they arise

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or false, the field of community psychology emphasizes promoting healthy functioning for all members of a community rather than when problems arise for few individuals

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is problem definition?

Answer 3

When we automatically try to define a problem and understand it

Question 4

True or false, our cultural background, personal experiences, education, and biases help shape our assumptions

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What do prevention or promotion programs do?

Answer 5

Reduce the likelihood of something occurring

Reduce risk factors
Strengthening protective factors

Question 6

What do consultations do?

Answer 6

Focuses on roles, decision making, and communication in organizations to promote job satisfaction, schools, or social change organizations

Question 7

When do alternative settings arise?

Answer 7

When traditional services do not meet the needs of some populations

Question 8

What does community organizing do?

Answer 8

Helps citizens organize to identify local issues and decide how to address them

Question 9

What do community coalitions do?

Answer 9

Bring citizens close together to address a community problem together instead of with separate efforts

Question 10

What is a context minimization error?

Answer 10

To denote ignoring or discounting the importance of contexts in an individual’s life

Eg. Family, friendship, network, etc

Question 11

What are the 13 contexts someone could have?

Answer 11

Friends, family, networking, gender roles, economic forces, peer group, neighbourhood, workplace, school, religious organization, locality, cultural heritage, and norms.

Question 12

What does context minimization do to data?

Answer 12

It leads to flawed data or research findings that hold true only in limited circumstances, OR they can lead to programs that fail because they attempt to change things when they don’t understand the contexts in which people live

Question 13

What is a fundamental attribution error?

Answer 13

The tendency of observers to overestimate the importance of the actors individual characteristics and underestimate the importance of social factors

Eg. Someone tripping “must be drunk” when we don’t look at the sidewalk to see if it’s fucked up

Question 14

True or false, context minimization is similar to attribution errors but context minimization refers to contexts and forces outside the immediate situation

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or false, contexts influence our lives at least as much as individual characteristics do

Answer 15

True

Question 16

True or false, community psychologists seek to understand people within the social contexts of their lives and to change contexts in order to promote quality of life for persons

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or false, contexts affect personal life, while persons, especially when acting together with others, influence and change contexts

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or false, Riger called for community psychology to appreciate how people respond to contexts and how they can exercise power to change those contexts

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Give an example of how people influence context

Answer 19

Citizens fight for improved police coverage, speed bumps

Question 20

What is the exact definition of community psychology?

Answer 20

Community psychology concerns the relationships of individuals with communities and societies. By integrating research with action, it seeks to understand and enhance quality of life for individuals, communities, and societies

Question 21

What are community psychology’s core values?

Answer 21

Individual and family wellness, sense of community, respect for human diversity, social justice, empowerment, collaboration, empirical grounding

Question 22

True or false, community psychology is not about the individual or the community alone, but on their linkages

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is a participant conceptualizer?

Answer 23

A community psychologist, someone who is actively involved in community processes while also attempting to understand and explain them

Question 24

What is the difference between first order change and second order change?

Answer 24

First order: alters, rearranges, or replaces individual members of a group. Eg. Firing Heather, there will always be a lazy employee
Second order: changing relationships, shared goals etc, like instead of having Vic make all the decisions, having everyone make decisions together

Question 25

What two ways is community psych different from other fields of psychology?

Answer 25

1. Shift perspective from individual to community behaviour | 2. Expansion of what is appropriate to study

Question 26

Identify 3 localities that an individual may be a part of

Answer 26

Neighbourhoods Cities Towns Rural areas

Question 27

Identify 2 mediating structures

Answer 27

Barber shops or schools Places where people can learn to cope with life's stresses

Question 28

What are the 7 core values in community psychology?

Answer 28

``` Individual and fam wellness Sense of community Respect for human diversity Social justice Empowerment and citizen participation Collaboration and community strengths Empirical grounding ```

Question 29

What is distributive Justice?

Answer 29

The allocation of resources among members of a population

Question 30

What is procedural Justice?

Answer 30

Whether processes of collective decision making concerns the outcomes of a program of social policy

Question 31

True or false, community psych concerns the relationships of individuals with communities and societies

Answer 31

True

Question 32

True or false, by integrating research with action, community psychology seeks to understand and enhance the quality of life for individuals

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What is the "shift" in perspective?

Answer 33

Shifting from 'THE INDIV" to to the "INDIV IN A WEB OF CONTEXTS" (environments and social connections)

Question 34

What is context minimization error?

Answer 34

Discounting the influence of social contexts on an individual

Question 35

What is first-order change?

Answer 35

Alters or replaces indiv members of a group of community

Question 36

What is second order change?

Answer 36

Alters the role relationships among members of a group or community

Question 37

``` True or false, community psychology is the psych... Of community For community With community In community ```

Answer 37

True

Question 38

True or false, often, community psych focuses on the marginalized

Answer 38

TRUE

Question 39

True or false, the 'shifting' of perspectives means a move from the individual to the structural perspective

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Identify some reasons why you should study community psych

Answer 40

Recognizing structural perspectives Identifying own values Building communities Critical perspectives

Question 41

What is the Rosetta effect?

Answer 41

When community makes a difference in health Eg. Sense of community, cooking together, visiting eachother etc