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Anatomy&Physiology - PreNursing > Chapter 1 - Intro To Structural Units > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Intro To Structural Units Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structure of an organism

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2
Q

Biology

A

The study of all forms of life

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3
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the functions of living organisms and their parts

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4
Q

Disease

A

Any abnormal changes in the structure and function of an organism that produces symptoms

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5
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

The study of large and easily observable structures of an organism

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6
Q

Microscopic Anatomy

A

The study of the minute details of organs with the use of a microscope

Ex: tissues and cells

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7
Q

Cytology

A

Branch of Microscopic Anatomy.

The study of the structure and function of cells.

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8
Q

Histology

A

The study of the tissues and organs that makeup the entire organism

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9
Q

Developmental Anatomy

A

The study of the growth and development of an organism during its lifetime

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10
Q

Embryology

A

The study of the formation of an organism from fertilized egg to birth

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11
Q

Comparative Anatomy

A

The study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species

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12
Q

Systematic Anatomy

A

The study of the structure of various organs or parts that comprise a particular organ system

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13
Q

Dermatology

A

The study of the integumentary system.

hair, skin, nails

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14
Q

Endocrinology

A

The study of the endocrine (hormonal) system

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15
Q

Nuerology

A

The study of the nervous system

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16
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Standing erect, face forward, arms at the side, palms forward

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17
Q

Anterior or Ventral

A

Front.

In front of.

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18
Q

Posterior or Dorsal

A

Back.

In back of.

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19
Q

Cephalic

A

Toward the skull or head end of the body

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20
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the feet or tail end of the body.

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21
Q

Superior

A

Upper.

Above another.

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22
Q

Inferior

A

Lower.

Below another.

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23
Q

Medial

A

Toward the median plane of the body or organ.

24
Q

Lateral

A

Away. Toward the side of the body.

25
Q

Proximal

A

Toward the point of attachment to the body.

Toward the trunk of the body.

26
Q

Distal

A

Away from the point of attachment or origin. Farthest from the trunk.

27
Q

Superficial or External

A

On or near the surface of the body.

28
Q

Deep or Internal

A

Of or situated on the inside

29
Q

Planes

A

Imaginary, anatomical dividing lines useful in separating body structures.

30
Q

Section

A

A cut made through the body or organ in the direction of a certain plane

31
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides the body into left and right sections.

An equal division would be known as the Midsagittal Plane.

32
Q

Coronal or

Frontal Plane.

A

Divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts.

33
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior parts

34
Q

Dorsal Cavity

A

Consists of the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity

35
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

The space within the skull aka the intracranial space

36
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

Contains the spinal cord within the vertebral column

37
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Upper half of the ventral cavity, divided from the inferior abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm.

AKA the chest cavity

The central area is the mediastrinum

38
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

One large cavity that is separated into the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

39
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

Contains the stomach, small intestines, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, appendix, and part of the large intestine

40
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

Contains the bladder, reproductive organs, rectum, and the rest of the large intestines

41
Q

Epigastric Region

A

Located just below the sternum

  • The left and right hypochondriac regions are located below the ribs
42
Q

Umbilical Region

A

Located around the navel

  • The left and right lumbar regions extend from the anterior to the posterior
43
Q

Hypogastric Region

A

The pubic area.

  • The left and right iliac regions
44
Q

Orbital Cavity

A

Contains the eye, muscles, nerves, and lacrimal ducts.

45
Q

Nasal Cavity

A

Contains the parts that form the nose

46
Q

Buccal Cavity

A

The oral cavity

47
Q

Quadrants

A

RUQ
LUQ
RLQ
LLQ

48
Q

Life Functions

A

A series of highly organized and related activities that allow organisms to live, grow, and maintain themselves

49
Q

Cells

A

The basic unit of structure and function of all living things

50
Q

Tissues

A

Cells grouped together by function, shape, size, and structure

51
Q

Organs

A

Groups of tissues organized by structure and function

52
Q

Organ System

A

Multiple organs that work together to perform a function

53
Q

Homeostasis

A

The ability of the healthy body to regulate the internal environment within narrow limits

54
Q

Metabolism

A

The functional activities of cells that result in growth, repair, and the release of energy by cells

Consists of two processes:

  1. Anabolism - synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, stores energy
  2. Catabolism - breakdown is complex molecules, releases energy
55
Q

Metric System

A

Decimal system based on the power of 10.

Anatomy&Physiology - PreNursing (3 decks)

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