Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology and Pharmacology > Chapter 1 Intro to Pathophysiology > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Intro to Pathophysiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is disease

A

something that affects the body

functional impairment of cells, tissues, organs, and organ system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is pathophysiology

A

the study of functional changes in the body caused by injury, disrorder, or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a syndrome?

A

specific conditions with recognizable, predictable patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is patho

A

relating to disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is physiology

A

a branch of biology that deals with the functions of life or living matter (as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 5 ways to teach and learn about pathophysiology

A

Disease, Pathogenesis, Etiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is pathogenesis

A

where it began how it went through the body and what are the risks, and who is most likely going to get it or exposed to get it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the goal of pathogenesis

A

to prevent disease or facilitate early diagnosis and intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a risk factor

A

vulnerabilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is etiology

A

What causes the disease or why it is happening

precise cause of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

disease-causing microorganism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is multifactorial

A

having more than one cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is idiopathic

A

no known cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is nosocomial

A

caused by an infection received in a healthcare environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is iatrogenic

A

caused inadvertently by medical treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is clinical manifestations

A

signs v symptoms

local (affects one part of the body e.g swelling , redness) v.s systemic (throughout the whole body e.g fever, lethargy)

asymptomatic (does not have noticeable symptoms but disease is present)

acute(less than 3 months/ 14 days and there is resolution ) v. subacute (somewhere in between ) v. chronic (last monger than 6 months )

remissions (everything is calm no signs/ symptom free) v exacerbations (presenting w signs and symptoms/ flaring of symptom )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is diagnosis

A

a label for a disease based on diagnostic criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is prognosis

A

production of how now will process through the disease process, morbidity v. mortality

do they have a chance of getting better or worse

the probable outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is treatment

A

management if disease to eradication, slow progression and treat symptom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is prevention

A

avoidance of illness, injury, and early death, promote health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does individual health focus on

A

the whole person and the persons perception of health and illness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does individual health focus on

A

the whole person

the persons perception of health and illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

For the continuum of health and illness

A

health - is percieved wholeness of body, mind and spirit

illness- a state resulting in differing or distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the classifications of global disease?

A

endemic- regular exisiting within an area or community

epidemic- a widespread in population

pandemic- epidemic spreads across continents

25
Q

Epidemiology is based on what?

A

Incidence v.s prevalence

26
Q

Health Organization (WHO)

A

a global organization inclduing many nations to promote health, keep the world safe and serve the vulnerable

27
Q

Centers for Disease Control (CDC)

A

An American organization whose goal is protection of public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability

28
Q

What does epidemiology study

A
  • How the disease is spread
  • How many people have the disease * How the disease is controlled
  • How the disease is prevented
  • How the disease is eliminated
29
Q

What is incidence?

A

The number of NEW cases of a disease arising in a population at risk during a specified time

30
Q

What is prevalence?

A

a measure/ proportion of individuals who have specific EXISTING disease in a population at a specific/ given point in time (# of cases divided by the current population)

31
Q

What is morbidity?

A

describes the functional effects of an illness on a person’s life

a negative outcome

concerned with the incidence of, persistence, and long-term consequences of the disease -arthritis

32
Q

What is mortality

A

provides information about trends in the health of a population

describes the death-producing characteristics of the disease

33
Q

Primary Prevention

A

prevention of disease from occuring

ex: talking about smoking

34
Q

Secondary Prevention

A

early detection of disease by screening

ex: mammogram screening

35
Q

Tertiary Prevention

A

rehabilitation of a patient to prevent complications or progression of disease

ex: pt or how to use an inhaler

36
Q

What is evidence-based practice?

A

A way of caring for others that is cognizant of the most current research and knowledge in the health professions

37
Q

What does evidence-based practice entail?

A

Goes beyond one piece of research

Encompasses totality of what is known through research and knowledge and practice of experts

Requires conscientious respect for human health variations

38
Q

What are factors that affect pathogenesis

A

gender

age

race

locale

socioeconomic status

ethnicity

39
Q

You are expecting your first child and are told that the child has a 1 in 800 chance of being born with a congenital anomaly. This statistic refers to the:

a. incidence.
b. prevalence.
c. epidemic.
d. diagnosis.

A

a. incidence

40
Q

You decide that it has been too long since your last physical examination, so you schedule an appointment for a routine health screening. You have a blood cholesterol level checked and it is within the expected range. This activity represents which level of prevention?

a. Primary prevention
b. Secondary prevention
c. Tertiary prevention
d. None of these

A

b. secondary prevention

41
Q

At your health screening, you describe the following: achiness, lethargy, and vague abdominal discomfort. These are categorized as
a. local manifestations.
b. systemic manifestations.
c. signs.
d. symptoms.

A

d. symptoms

42
Q

The study of functional alterations in human health because of an injury, disease, or syndrome describes which of the following?
a. Pathology
b. Pathophysiology
c. Physiology
d. Morphology

A

b. pathophysiology

43
Q

A patient wants to know what has caused the illness. This information is termed the
a. etiology.
b. pathogenesis.
c. epidemiology.
d. nosocomial.

A

a. etiology

44
Q

Joe has many risk factors for the development of lung cancer. Which of these is NOT modifiable?

a. Smoking
b. Family history of lung cancer
c. Working in an asbestos-filled area
d. Poor nutritional intake

A

b. family history of lung cancer

45
Q

Which of the following terms indicates the dynamic steady state that the body strives to achieve every day?
a. Homeostasis
b. Mortality
c. Morbidity
d. Health

A

a. Homeostasis

46
Q

Which of the following contributes to evidence-based practice and high-quality patient care?
a. Primary research
b. Clinical expertise
c. Meta-analysis studies
d. All of these contribute

A

d. all of these contribute

47
Q

Cancer is on the rise across the globe. Which term describes this phenomenon?
a. Epidemic
b. Endemic
c. Pandemic
d. Morbidity

A

c. pandemic

48
Q

Your grandmother is diagnosed with congestive heart failure and is told that she has 6 months to live. This prediction is referred to as her
a. prognosis.
b. diagnosis.
c. morbidity rate.
d. prevalence.

A

a. prognosis

49
Q
  1. You are expecting your first child and are told that the child has a 1 in 800 chance of being born with a congenital anomaly. This statistic refers to the:

a. incidence.
b. prevalence.
c. epidemic.
d. diagnosis .

A

incidence

50
Q
  1. You decide that it has been too long since your last physical examination so you schedule an appointment for a routine health screening. You have a blood cholesterol level checked and it is within the expected range. This activity represents which level of prevention?

a. Primary prevention
b. Secondary prevention
c. Tertiary prevention
d. None of hese

A

Secondary Prevention

51
Q
  1. At your health screening, you describe the following: achiness, lethargy, and vague abdominal discomfort. These are categorized as:

a. local manifestations.
b. systemic manifestations.
c. signs.
d. symptoms .

A

systemic manifestations

52
Q
  1. The study of functional alterations in human health because of an injury, disease, or syndrome describes which of the following?

a. Pathology
b. Pathophysiology
c. Physiology
d. Morphology

A

Pathophysiology

53
Q
  1. The study of functional alterations in human health because of an injury, disease, or syndrome describes which of the following?

a. Pathology
b. Pathophysiology
c. Physiology
d. Morphology

A

Pathology

54
Q
  1. Joe has many risk factors for the development of lung cancer. Which of these is NOT modifiable?

a. Smoking
b. Family history of lung cancer
c. Working in an asbestos-filled area
d. Poor nutritional intake

A

Family history of lung cancer

55
Q
  1. Which of the following terms indicates the dynamic steady state that the body strives to achieve every day?

a. Homeostasis
b. Mortality
c. Morbidity
d. Health

A

homeostasis

56
Q
  1. Which of the following contributes to evidence-based practice and high-quality patient care?

a. Primary research
b. Clinical expertise
c. Meta-analysis studies
d. All of these contribute

A

All of these contribute

57
Q
  1. Cancer is on the rise across the globe. Which term describes this phenomenon?

a. Epidemic
b. Endemic
c. Pandemic
d. Morbidity

A

Pandemic

58
Q
  1. Your grandmother is diagnosed with congestive heart failure and is told that she has 6 months to live. This prediction is referred to as her:

a. prognosis.
b. diagnosis.
c. morbidity rate.
d. prevalence.

A

prognosis

Pathophysiology and Pharmacology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions