Chapter 1 Intro to A&P Flashcards
What is anatomy?
The study of internal structure and physical relationships between body parts
What is physiology?
The study of how living organisms perform their vital functions
What are the organ systems of the body?
- integumentary
- skeletal
- muscular
- nervous
- endocrine
- cardiovascular
- lymphatic
- respiratory
- digestive
- urinary
- reproductive
Integumentary system
protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature
Skeletal system
Provides support; protects tissue; stores minerals; forms blood
Muscular system
Allows for locomotion; provides support; produces heat
Nervous system
Directs immediate response to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems
Endocrine system
Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems
Cardiovascular system
Transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases
Lymphatic system
Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream
Respiratory system
Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood
Digestive system
Processes food and absorbs nutrients
Urinary system
Eliminates excess water, salts, and waste products
Reproductive system
Produces sex cells and hormones
What is homeostasis?
a stable internal environment; balance
Anatomical position
hands at side, palms forward, feet together
Organs in right upper quadrant
- Liver
- Gallbladder
Organs in upper left quadrant
- Spleen
- Stomach
Organs in lower right quadrant
-Appendix
Organs in lower left quadrant
-Urinary bladder
Medial
towards the midline
Lateral
away from the midline
ventral
the belly side (equivalent to anterior when referring to the human body)
dorsal
the back (equivalent to posterior when referring to the human body)
caudal
the tail (coccyx in humans)
frontal plane
divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
transverse plane
divides the body into superior and inferior portions
sagittal plane
divides the body into left and right
