Chapter 1-Intro & Terminology Flashcards
Anatomy is:
Study of the structure of body parts and their relationships
Macro or gross anatomy
Easily observed and example would be the brain
Microscopic anatomy
Not easily were observed you need a microscope example a neuron
Physiology is
How’s the body parts function
What are the six levels of organization
In order:
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal
Chemical level of organization
When Atoms form molecules
Cellular level of organization
Molecules interact forms cells this is the lowest level of life
Tissue level of organization
Group of similar cells with a common function
Organ level of organization
Two or more tissues form an Organ with a function
System of organization
Two or more organs
Organismal level of organization
Some of all structures work together to promote life as a whole
What are the survival needs of the body?
Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, normal atmosphere temperature
How much of our body weight is made up of water?
60% to 80%
Homeostasis
The ability to maintain a stable internal environment in outside changing environments
Homeostasis requires a ________ system which is the nervous and endocrine systems.
Feedback
Feedback systems have three components which are:
Stimulus
Receptor
control centre
effector
Receptors in a feedback system
They sense the environment
The control centre for a feedback system
Analyzes the receptor and creates a response
The factor of the feedback system
Relays the response
Negative feedback systems
Shut off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity. This is the most common feedback system, blood pressure.
Positive feedback systems
Intensify the original stimulation. These feedback systems are rare and usually occur during the contractions of the uterus.
Anatomical position
Body is Upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, palms forward.
Proximinal and distal are only used for what
Ligaments
The body planes are
Sagittal, mid sagittal, frontal, transverse
Sagittal plane splits the body into _____ and _____ halves
Left and right
The frontal plane splits the body into ______ and ______ sections
Anterior and posterior
The transverse plane splits the body into ______ and _______ sections
Superior and inferior
The body cavity is a place in the body that _______, __________, & ________ internal organs.
Protects, separates, and supports
Dorsal body cavity
Includes the cranial and vertebral cavity
Ventral body cavity
Includes the thoracic and the abdominal pelvic cavity
What are body cavities lined with?
Serious membranes
A parietal cavity
Lines the walls of the cavity
A visceral cavity
Covers organ within the cavity
The Thoracic cavity includes?
To plural cavity’s, pericardial cavity
The plural cavity is Referring to the
Lungs
The pericardial cavity is referring to the
Heart
The abdominal pelvic cavity includes
The abdominal cavity, the pelvic cavity
The abdominal cavity includes
The digestive viscera
Spleen,liver, stomach
The pelvic cavity includes the
Bladder, reproductive organs, rectum
What decreases organ movement?
A lubricant on the membrane layers call the serious fluid
