Chapter 1- Intro Flashcards
1
Q
Sex
A
-anatomical structures (sex organs) -male or female, something in between -physical activities involving our sex organs -erotic feelings, experiences, or desires ANATOMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL CATEGORIES
2
Q
Gender
A
social or cultural categories
3
Q
Human sexuality
A
the ways we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings
4
Q
Sexuality wheel
A
- shows how comprehensive the idea of sexuality really is -each part of the wheel represents 1 part of who we are, and how these parts are all connected and influenced by each other
- The boxes on the left side of the wheel show who we are by nature (personality, gender identity, gender expression, sexual orientation, sex)
- The boxes on the right show who we are taught or who we learn to be (relationships, communication, socialization, body image, self image) values and experiences at the top/bottom
5
Q
Sex in ancient Egypt
A
- an integral part of everyday life and afterlife
- incorporated spirituality and their gods into sexual practice
- alot of mythology related to sex, love, incest, homosexuality, masturbation, necrophilia
- femininity and masculinity linked to the ability to reproduce
- no concept of virginity
- masturbation was normal and a source of creation
Kama Sutra, written by Vātsyāyana
- hallmark work of Sanskrit literature
- only part of it is about sexual positions
- spirituality incorporated into sex
- desire is also known as “Kāma,” which is one of the four goals of Hindu life.
6
Q
Sex in ancient Greece
A
- sex, love and sexuality are interwoven with creation of the world, gods, heavens and the underworld
- centered around eroticism and fertility by incorporating intermarriage, polygamy, murder and incest
- masturbation was considered a normal and healthy
- pederasty: adult men (penetrative) have sex with young men, often as a rite of passage.
- women’s fertility very valuable. were blamed if pregnancies failed/infertile
7
Q
Sex in the middle ages
A
- highly influenced by the Christian Church
- restrictions were placed on many aspects of sex (prohibited on certain days of the week and religious events, while women were menstruating or pregnant)
- sex only meant for pro-creation, other acts not related to conception, such as oral sex, fondling, etc., were also prohibited
- only sex in the missionary position was acceptable
- church split into protestant and catholic
- masturbation, homosexuality, adultery and fornication were all considered sins and carried harsh penalties, including death.
8
Q
Contemporary views on masturbation
A
- men who had more partnered sex –> lower masturbation rates
- women who had more partnered sex –> higher masturbation rates
- gay men + women –> more likely to masturbate than straight men and women
- frequency of masturbation increases with education
9
Q
History of the vibrator
A
- advertised in early 1900s and disguised as massaging devices
- treatment for hysteria, massage the genitals until the women reached orgasm
- invented so doctors could increase the # of patients treated and the speed
10
Q
Sex and media
A
- media helps us learn what is normal and what is expected of us
- what we should or should not desire
11
Q
Functions of the media
A
- Cultivation theory
- Agenda setting
- Social learning
12
Q
Cultivation theory
A
- individuals view television as a meanigful representation of interactions in everyday life
- the dialogues and scenes from TV illustrate what is “normal” communication
- ex: people who frequently view violence on television may view the world as a more dangerous place than it actually is.
13
Q
Agenda setting
A
- companies emphasize certain types of stories and exclude others
- thus shows viewer what the companies and reports see as valuable and will produce ratings
- ex: the OJ Simpson trial. The televised pursuit followed by the lengthy trial captivated audiences like no other trial had previously done. Through agenda-setting, the public came to see this as an important trial.
14
Q
Social learning
A
- characters and interactions viewed on television serve as a model for who we should be and how we should interact with others
- ex: if we continually see people receiving praise and admiration from others for using a product, we are more likely to use that product.
- “Bobo” doll experiment
15
Q
Judaism and sex
A
- the traditional Hebrew religion based on the Torah
- monotheistic/one god
- sex = an important part of the human experience
- reserved for a husband-wife relationship
- regarded as a basic right of women, not men
- premarital sex is not approved of and sex within marriage is considered ideal
- not merely for procreation, but also for enjoyment and bonding
Sex is viewed as an important part of the human experience and is reserved for a husband-wife relationship but it is regarded as a basic right of women not men.
