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Struct/Mech Kinesiology > Chapter 1 - Foundations of Kinesiology/Basic movements > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Foundations of Kinesiology/Basic movements Flashcards

1
Q

Kinesiology

A

study of motion/what affects it or human movement

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2
Q

Anatomic kinesiology

A

study of human musculoskeletal system and the musculotendinous sytem

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3
Q

Biomechanics

A

application of mechanical physics of human motion

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4
Q

Structural kinesiology

A

study of muscles as they are involved in science of movement
- both skeletal and muscular structures are involved

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5
Q

Who uses kinesiology?

A

coaches, orthopedic surgeons, physical and occupational therapists, personal trainers, athletic trainers, PE teachers, nurses, etc.

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6
Q

Anatomical position

A
  • head upright and facing foward, feet parallel and close, palms forward
  • more anatomy based, and most accurate for all aspects of the body
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7
Q

Fundamental position

A

same as anatomical, but palms are facing the body
- used by coaches

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8
Q

Prone

A

face down

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9
Q

Supine

A

laying on back

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10
Q

Basic terms like:

A

lateral, medial, inferior, superior, anterior/ventral, posterior/dorsal, deep, superficial, distal, proximal, abduction/adduction, flexion/extension

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11
Q

Caudocephalad

A

directionally from the tail to the head

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12
Q

Cephalocaudal

A

directionally from head to tail

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13
Q

Contralateral

A

directionally from head to tail

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14
Q

Dexter

A

relating to or situated to the right or on the right side

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15
Q

Fibular

A

relating to the fibular (lateral) side of the LE

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16
Q

Ipsilateral

A

on the same side

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17
Q

Palmar

A

relating to the palm of the hand

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18
Q

Plantar

A

relating to the sole or undersurface of the foot

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19
Q

Proximodistal

A

from the center of the body out toward the distal ends of appendages

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20
Q

Radial

A

relating to the radial (lateral) side of the forearm or hand

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21
Q

Rostral

A

near or toward the head, especially the front of the head

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22
Q

Scapular plane

A

in line with the normal resting position of the scapula

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23
Q

Sinister

A

relating to, or situated to the left or on the left side of something

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24
Q

Tibial

A

relating to the tibial (medial) side of the LE

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25
Q

Ulnar

A

relating to the ulnar (medial) side of the UE

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26
Q

Volar

A

relating to the palm of the hand or sole of the foot
- could be interchanged for palmar or plantar

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27
Q

Mid-axillary line

A

line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the apex of the axilla

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28
Q

Mid-sternal line

A

a line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the middle of the sternum

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29
Q

Anterior axillary line

A

a line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the middle of the sternum

30
Q

Anterior axillary line

A

a line that is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the anterior axillary skinfold

31
Q

Posterior axillary line

A

a line that is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the posterior axillary skinfold

32
Q

Mid-clavicular line

A
  • a line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the mid-point of the clavicle
  • typically used by plastic surgeons pertaining to breast implants and reconstruction
33
Q

Mid-inguinal point

A
  • a point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic symphysis
  • place where the femoral artery is most superficial
34
Q

Scapula line

A

a line running vertically down the posterior surface of the body passing through the inferior angle of the scapula

35
Q

Vertebral line

A

a line running vertically down through the spinous processes of the spine

36
Q

Anteversion

A

abnormal or excessive rotation forward of a structure

37
Q

Kyphosis

A

increased curving of the spine outward or backward in the sagittal plane

38
Q

Lordosis

A

increased curving of the spine inward or forward in the sagittal plane

39
Q

Recurvatum

A

bending backward, as in knee hyperextension

40
Q

Retroversion

A

abnormal or excessive rotation backward of a structure

41
Q

Scoliosis

A

lateral curving of the spine

42
Q

Valgus

A

outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint, knock-knee

43
Q

Varus

A

inward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint, bowlegged

44
Q

Axial body regions

A
  • trunk: thoracic, dorsal, abdominal, pelvic
  • neck: cervical
  • head: cranium and face (split by the hairline)
45
Q

Appendicular body regions

A
  • upper extremity: shoulder, arm, forearm, and manual
  • lower extremity: leg (shank), thigh, pedal
46
Q

Circumduction

A

circular movement of a limb, combo of ab/ad and flex/exten

47
Q

Diagonal abduction

A

diagonal movement away from the trunk

48
Q

Diagonal adduction

A

diagonal movement toward and across the midline

49
Q

External rotation

A

rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of a bone away from the midline of the body
- standing and turning foot outwards, external rotation of hip

50
Q

Internal rotation

A

rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of a bone toward the midline of the body
- standing and turning the foot inwards, internal rotation of hip

51
Q

Eversion

A

sole of foot turned outward

52
Q

Inversion

A

sole of foot turned inward

53
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

toes move toward shin

54
Q

Plantar flexion

A

toes move away from shin, pointing toes

55
Q

Pronation of foot

A

dorsiflexion, eversion and toe out

56
Q

Supination of foot

A

plantar flexion, inversion, toe in

57
Q

Pronation of radioulnar joint

A

palm down

58
Q

Supination of radioulnar joint

A

palm up

59
Q

Depression of shoulder girdle

A

interior movement of the shoulder girdle

60
Q

Elevation of shoulder girdle

A

superior movement of the shoulder girdle, shrugging shoulders

61
Q

Protraction/abduction of shoulder girdle

A

forward movement of the shoulder girdle/movement of scapula away from spine, chest presses

62
Q

Retraction/adduction of shoulder girdle

A

backward movement of the shoulder girdle/movement of scapula toward spine, rows

63
Q

Horizontal abduction of shoulder girdle

A

movement of the humerus or femur horizontally away from midline

64
Q

Horizontal adduction of shoulder girdle

A

movement of the humerus or fetus horizontally toward midline

65
Q

Scaption

A

movement of the humerus away from the body in the scapular plane, lateral raises with thumb pointed upwards

66
Q

Lateral flexion/abduction of spine

A

movement of head and/or trunk away from midline

67
Q

Reduction of spine

A

return of spinal column to midline from lateral flexion

68
Q

Dorsiflexion of wrist/hand

A

posterior hand towards posterior forearm

69
Q

Palmar flexion of wrist/hand

A

anterior side of the hand moving towards anterior forearm

70
Q

Radial flexion/deviation of wrist/hand

A

thumb towards radius

71
Q

Ulnar flexion/deviation of wrist/hand

A

pinky towards ulna

72
Q

Opposition of thumb

A

diagonal movement of the thumb across the hand

Struct/Mech Kinesiology (8 decks)

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