Chapter 1 : Exploring Life (part 2) Flashcards
What level are cells on?
The level at which the properties of life emerge
The basic types of cells
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotic cells
type of cell that lack a membrane enclosed organelles, including the nucleus, and found in the domains Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotic cells
Type of cells that lack membrane enclosed organelles, includes organelles and a true nucleus that contains DNA
Systems biology
Area of biology aimed at constructing models the complex dynamic behavior and interactions of entire biological systems
Scientific inquiry
Used to ask and answer questions about nature
The 2 main scientific approaches
Discovery science
Hypothesis Based Science
Discovery Science
The process of describing nature without any preconceived expectations
Discovery science is based on
The practices of observation and inductive reasoning
Observation
Consists of receiving knowledge of the world through our senses, or recording information using scientific tools and instruments
The types of data
Quantitative
Qualitative
Quantitative
Numerical measurements
blood pressure increased under pressure
Qualitative
A description of characteristics or occurrences
face flushed with increased blood pressure
Observation leads to
Inductive reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
To draw general conclusions from many observations
Hypothesis Based Science
Is based on the scientific method of inquiry
Hypothesis
A tentative explanation a scientist proposes for a specific phenomenon that has been observed
Deductive reasoning
Using logic to come up with ways to test a hypothesis based on predictions and expectations
Experiment
A test under controlled conditions that is made to demonstrate a known truth, to examine the validity of a hypothesis, or to determine the efficacy of something previously untried
Independent variable
The variable that is varied or manipulated by the researcher
Dependent variable
The response that is measured
Control group
Set of subjects that does not receive any manipulation during experiment
Scientific Theory
Broader in scope than a hypothesis
Usually general enough to generate many new, specific hypotheses
Supported by a large and usually growing body of evidence
Scientific Law
A statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the universe which always applies under the same
Factual and well-confirmed statements
