chapter 1 exam Flashcards
What is the study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter
chemistry
What is anything that has mass and occupies space
matter
What are stars made of
plasma
The quantity of matter in the object
mass
what is the space an object occupies
volume
what is all matter made of
particles
describe solids
rigid shape, fixed volume, fixed shape
describe liquids
not rigid, no fixed shape, fixed volume
describe gases
not rigid, no fixed shape, no fixed volume
what are five quantities
length, mass, time, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance
What system do chemists use
metric system
we’re moving up the conversion chart is the exponent negative or positive
negative
when moving up on the Conversion chart are you moving left or right
left
If asked for a scientific notation what do you use
*10^
formula for DMV

d=m/v
lm=d•v
v=m/d
how to measure on a ruler
round to decimal point of u certainty
if it only measures .1 round .10
sig figs rules
digits to count:
all non zeros
don’t count leading zeros
zeros between integers
trailing zeros only if there’s a decimal point, then they’re all counted
all scientific notation (unless in leading zeros)
Name all of the possible physical changes
boiling, melting, condensing, vaporizing, subliming, freezing
Name all of the possible chemical changes
flammability, neutralization, fermenting, rusting, combusting
what are some evidence that a chemical change has occurred
bubbling, evolution absorption of heat, emission of light
what happens when matter can/can’t be separated
can- it’s a mixture
cant-it’s a pure substance
What two things can a mixture be
homogeneous or hetero generous
what two things can pure substances be
compounds or elements
what is a heterogeneous mixture
Mixture that is composed of more than one phase (oil and water, chocolate chip cookies)
what is a homogeneous mixture
same composition but made of 2 or more materials ( sugar water, air)
What are homogeneous materials that have the same composition throughout
pure substances
what is a substance composed of one type of atom
elements
 what chemical symbols does an element look like
One capital letter which might be followed by a lowercase letter
what is a molecule
two or more atoms combined
what are substances composed of two or more types of elements that combine chemically
compounds
What’s the difference between mixtures and compounds
Mixtures resemble the substances that make it up, compounds don’t.
Compounds have a mass of their combining elements, while a mixture might have a varying mass
how to mult/divide sig figs
number with least amount of sig figs
how to add/subtract sig figs
round to the same place value as the number with the least decimal points
how to round if the last significant digit before a 5 is odd
round up
how to round if the last digit before the 5 is even
leave as is 3.45=3.4
how to generate your own ineqquality
use scientific notation to convert then do 1x10^ conversion
where does units come from when measuring quantity
accepted value
how to write out percent
whole numbers
what is the smallest unit of an element
atom
is dissolve chemical or physical
physical
what type of mixture is air,, sugar water, and steel
homogeneous
what tyoe of mixture is granite, wood, or blood
heterogeneous
what type of pure susbtance is water, sodium, chloride
compound
what type of pure substance is gold, aluminum, oxygen
elements
what does 2 elements make
a mixture
