Chapter 1 definitions Flashcards
Scientific Method
a systematic approach to research
Qualitative
general observations about system
Hypothesis
tentative explanation for a set of observations
Law
concise verbal/mathematical statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions
Theory
the unifying principle that explains a body of facts and/or those laws that are based on them
Matter
anything that occupies space and has mass
Chemistry
study of matter and the changes it undergoes
Matter exists in 3 states
Solid, liquid, gases
Substance
matter that has a definite/constant composition and distinct properties
Mixture
combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities
Homogenous mixture
composition of the mixture is the same throughout the solution
Heterogenous mixture
composition is not uniform
Element
a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means
Compound
a substance composed of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions
Physical properties
measured and observed without changing the composition or identity of a substance
Chemical property
to observe this property we must carry out a chemical change
Extensive property
dependent on how much matter is being considered
Intensive property
not dependent on the amount of matter being considered
Macroscopic properties
can be determined directly
Microscopic properties
on the atomic or molecular scale. must be determined by an indirect method
mass
measurement of the quantity of matter in an object
Weight
force that gravity exerts on an object
